7th grade science 7

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

A chemical in a cell that contains information for an organisms growth and function

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

A section of DNA on a chromosome that contains the instructions for making a specific protein

Question 3

Mutations

Answer 3

Any permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome of the cell

Question 4

RNA

Answer 4

A nucleic acid that carries the codes for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes

Question 5

Alleles

Answer 5

The different forms of a trait that a gene may have

Question 6

Dominant

Answer 6

Factor that dominates, or covers up, another factor

Question 7

Genetics

Answer 7

The study of how traits are inherited through the interaction of alleles

Question 8

Genotype

Answer 8

Genetic makeup of an organism

Question 9

Heredity

Answer 9

Passing of traits from parent to offspring

Question 10

Heterozygous

Answer 10

An organism that has two different alleles for a trait

Question 11

Homozygous

Answer 11

An organism with two alleles that are the same for a trait

Question 12

Phenotype

Answer 12

The way in organism looks and behaves as a result of its genotype

Question 13

Punnet square

Answer 13

A tool used to predict the number of times certain traits will occur

Question 14

Recessive

Answer 14

Factor that disappears if a dominant trait is present

Question 15

Incomplete dominance

Answer 15

The offspring of two homozygous parents showing intermediate phenotype

Question 16

Polygenetic inheritance

Answer 16

A group of gene pairs act together to produce a trait

Question 17

Sex linked genes

Answer 17

And allele inherited on a sex chromosome

Question 18

Genetic engineering

Answer 18

Biological and chemical methods to change the arrangement of DNA that makes up a gene

Question 19

Adaptation

Answer 19

Any variation that makes an organism better suited to its environment

Question 20

Evolution

Answer 20

Change in inherited characteristics over time

Question 21

Gradualism

Answer 21

Hypothesis that described evolution as a slow, ongoing process by which one species changes to a new species

Question 22

Natural selection

Answer 22

Theory that states that organisms with traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce

Question 23

Punctuated equilibrium

Answer 23

Hypothesis that says rapid evolution comes about when the mutation of a few genes results in the appearance of a new species over relatively short period of time

Question 24

Species

Answer 24

A group of organisms that share similar characteristics and can reproduce among themselves to produce fertile offspring

Question 25

Variation

Answer 25

Inherited trait that makes an individual different from other members of it species