7.Oxidation, reduction and redox reactions Flashcards
What is oxidation
The process of electron loss
What is an oxidising agent
Electron acceptors
What is reduction
The process of electron gain
What is an reducing agent
Electron donors.
What is a half equation
An equation for a redox reaction which considers just one of the species involved and shows explicitly the electrons transferred to or from it
What is a oxidation state
The number of electrons lost or gained by an atom in a compound compared to the uncombined atom.
What is the oxidation state of an uncombined element
0
What elements have the usual oxidation state of -1
Cl (except with F and O)
F (always -1)
What is the oxidation state of H
+1 (except in metal hydrides eg. NaH where it is -1)
What is the oxidation state of oxygen
-2 (except in peroxides (-1) and (+2)
What is the sum of all oxidation states in a compound
0
What is the sum of all oxidation states in an ion
The charge of the ion
What does a redox equation contain
Both the reduction and oxidation half equations
When making a redox equation what do you add to balance oxygens and then what must you do
H2O, then add H+ to the other side to balance
