Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

301 MEDIMAGE > 7b. Trauma Evaluation - Spine > Flashcards

7b. Trauma Evaluation - Spine Flashcards

1
Q

what should the predental space be in adults

A

no more than 3mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what should the predental space be in children

A

no more than 5mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what should C2-3 subluxation be in adults

A

no more 3mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what should C2-3 subluxation be in children

A

no more than 5mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what should the prevertebral soft tissue measurement in adults at C3

A

up to 7mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what should the prevertebral soft tissue measurement in adults at C7

A

21mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what should the prevertebral soft tissue measurement in children

A

1/2 to 2/3 of AP vertebral body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the predental space

A

space infront of peg ant portion of C1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the 4 contour lines

A

AVL
PVL
SLL
PSP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the AVL contour line

A

anterior cortical surfaces of vertebral bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the PVL contour line

A

posterior cortical surfaces of vertebral bodies

anterior margin of spinal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the SLL contour line

A

spino laminar line

posterior boundary of spinal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the PSP contour line

A

posterior spinous process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the 4 things to check in a lateral spine xray

A

alignment = vert body rotation, loss of spinal curves and disrupted contour lines

bones = pathologies

cartilage = predental space, disc spaces, facet joints

soft tissues = prevertebral space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the 4 things to check in a AP spine xray

A

Alignment = Spinous processes line and pedicle lines

Bones = where, which, pathologies?

cartilage = disk space and unconvertable joints

soft tissue = tracheal deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 3 osteoligamentous columns of the spine

A

Anterior

middle

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where is the anterior osteoligamentous columns of the spine

A

AVL, anterior 2/3 of vertebral body and annulus fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where is the posterior osteoligamentous columns of the spine

A

posterior bony complex (posterior arch)

pedicles, laminae, posterior ligamentous complex (supraspinatus ligament, capsule and ligamentum flavum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where is the middle osteoligamentous columns of the spine

A

PVL, posterior 1/3 of vertebral body and annulus fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

is it a stable fracture when only one column is involved

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

is it a stable fracture when 2 non adjacent columns are involved

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

is it a stable fracture when 3 columns are involved

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

is it a stable fracture when 2 adjacent columns are involved

A

no

24
Q

is it a stable fracture when the middle column is involved

A

no

25
Q

what are the 4 fractures of the cervical spine

A

C1
C2
wedge and burst
clay shovellers

26
Q

what dislocation occurs in the cervical spine

A

atlanto axial

27
Q

what is a jeffersons fracture

A

burst fracture of C1 ring

28
Q

what causes a jeffersons fracture

A

axial loading

29
Q

what is the most common C1 fracture

A

jeffersons fracture

30
Q

what happens to the lateral masses in a jeffersons fracture in the peg view

A

lateral masses move outwards

31
Q

what happens to the predental space in the lateral image when there is a jeffersons fracture

A

increased perdental space

32
Q

is the jeffersons fracture a stable or unstable fracture

A

unstable

33
Q

what kind of C1 fracture can result in a normal predental space

A

posterior neural arch fracture

34
Q

what is a hangmans fracture

A

bilateral pedicle/interarticularis fracture of C2

35
Q

how many types of odontoid fractures are there

A

3

36
Q

what is the hangmans fracture caused by

A

C2 body pushed up secondary to hyperextension, axial loading/rapid deceleration

37
Q

what is the hangmans fracture

A

fracture through pedicles of C2

38
Q

is the hangman fracture stable

A

no

39
Q

what is anterolisthesis

A

slippage of one vertebrae over the others

40
Q

what is a type 1 odontoid fracture

A

usually oblique at the upper part/tip of the peg

41
Q

what is a type 2 odontoid fracture

A

transverse through base/neck of peg fracture

42
Q

is type 2 odontoid fracture stable

A

very unstable

43
Q

what is a type 3 odontoid fracture

A

through body of odontoid extending into body of axis

44
Q

what are wedge fractures caused by

A

hyperflexion force

45
Q

what is a wedge fracture

A

Squashing of other 2 vertebra on either side so affected vert is squashed into point form and loses square shape

compression fracture of the vertebral body compressing the anterior component

46
Q

what is a burst fracture caused by

A

hyperflexion

47
Q

what is a burst fracture

A

unstable compression fracture through entire vertebral body creating fragments

anterior fragment pushed forwards and posterior fragment pushed backwards into vertebral canal

48
Q

what is a clay shovellers fracture caused by

A

hyperflexion and rotation

49
Q

where does the clay shovellers fracture occur

A

C7/6 spinous process

50
Q

what is a sign of clay shovellers fracture in the AP image

A

ghosting of spinous process in Ap view

51
Q

what holds the dens against the anterior atlas

A

transverse ligament attaches media sides lateral masses

52
Q

what could transverse ligament damage result in

A

movement potential neurological catastrophe

53
Q

what is a chance fracture and where does it occur

A

horizontal fracture through the spinous process, laminar, pedicles and vertebral body

all 3 columns, lower spine

54
Q

what are the 3 important things to assess for a burst fracture of C1

A

joint spaces on both sides should be equal and symmetrical

lateral masses of C1 should align with C2

increased predental space is seen inconsistently on lateral image

55
Q

what is a chance fracture caused by

A

flexion/extension injury

301 MEDIMAGE (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions