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M7 > 7.7 EWIS > Flashcards

7.7 EWIS Flashcards

1
Q

What do wiring checks normally include?

A
  • visual inspection
  • continuity testing
  • insulation resistance testing
  • bonding testing
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2
Q

What is continuity?

A

Condition if being unbroken or uninterrupted

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3
Q

When is continuity testing carried out?

A

After bonding but before insulation test

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4
Q

What does a multimeter have to be set to test for continuity?

A
  • set to the ohms range in the correct range
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5
Q

What two pieces of information does a continuity test give you?

A
  • there’s an electrical link between two or more designated points within a circuit
  • the resistance of that link is within a specified value
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6
Q

Should power be on or off during a continuity test?

A

NEVER apply power to a circuit when using continuity test equipment

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7
Q

When can the airframe of an aircraft be used as a return oath for a continuity tester?

A

If it’s a metal fuselage

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8
Q

What are ohmmeters used for?

A
  • to measure resistance of a circuit component or a complete circuit
  • to measure the integrity of a connector contact at a disconnect
  • the serviceability of circuit components
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9
Q

What are the advantages of an analogue multimeter?

A
  • does not need a battery
  • cheaper than a digital one
  • easier to see slight fluctuations in voltage and current as the needle moves gently
  • More suitable for adjusting tuning circuits or peaking tuneable responses
  • less prone to temp arrors
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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of an analogue multimeter?

A
  • tends to be less accurate bc of user error
  • larger and bulkier
  • most analogue meters only read ohms, volts and Amps. (AVO)
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11
Q

What do insulation testers identify?

A
  • current leakage
  • faulty or damaged insulation
    Can lead to arc faults, blown circuits and risk of electrical shock or fire
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12
Q

How do insulation testers identify current leakage or faulty isolation?

A

Use high voltage and low current DC charge to measure the resistance within wires and motor windings

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13
Q

What is the general purpose of insulators in aircraft?

A

To separate conductors from each other and the air frame

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14
Q

What kind of insulation failure can trip the circuit breaker?

A

When the insulation is protecting the conductor from touching the airframe and causing a short circuit

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15
Q

When are insulation resistance tests necessary?

A
  • when new circuits are installed
  • existing circuits are disturbed
  • evidence requires installation to be checked
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16
Q

What tests are normally carried out before insulation resistance tests?

A

Visual checks, bonding and continuity tests

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17
Q

What does a typical insulation testing device consist of?

A
  • a pointed
  • A hand driven generator or internal HV source
  • connecting leads and varying voltage outputs chosen by a selector switch on the meter
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18
Q

What should the voltage be when using an insulation resistance tester?

A

Minimum 3 times the normal working voltage

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19
Q

How does a hand cranked insulation tester work?

A
  • Two coils produce two fields
  • this provides a deflection depending on the resistance encountered
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20
Q

What does it mean if components are bonded?

A
  • all components have the same potential energy
  • there are no parallel paths open to current flow
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21
Q

What ensures the safe path for current flow or return path for the system to complete the circuit?

A

Bonding

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22
Q

What does good bonding do for electrostatic protection?

A
  • protects against build up of static charges, lightening strike follows the path of least resistance through well bonded leads on to protection devices
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23
Q

What does grounding do that bonding doesn’t?

A
  • Eliminates the potential difference between components and the ground
  • provides a conductive path to the earth for static charge so sparks aren’t created
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24
Q

How is grounding done?

A
  • electrical connection of a conducting component to the primary structure
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25
Q

What is the primary structure used for grounding?

A
  • Primary structure is the main frame, fuselage or wing structure of the aircraft
  • Current Return Network for composite planes
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26
Q

Do AC and DC systems share grounding points?

A

They have different grounding points in different locations to prevent parallel return paths

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27
Q

What are the three main types of bonding?

A
  • Equipment bonding
  • Metallic surface bonding
  • Static bonds
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28
Q

What is required for electronic equipment to provide radio frequency return circuits and to facilitate a reduction in EMI?

A

Low impedance paths to the aircraft structure

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29
Q

What condition must all conducting objects on the exterior frame meet?

A

Must be connected to the airframe through mechanical joints, conductive hinges or bond straps capable of conducting static charges and lightening strikes

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30
Q

Why do antenna elements not have to be electrically connected to the airframe?

A

Their function requires them to be electrically isolated

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31
Q

What parts must be statically bonded?

A
  • all isolated conducting parts inside and outside the aircraft with an area greater than 3 in squared and a linear dimension over 3 inches
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32
Q

What should the resistance be of clean and dry isolated conducting parts inside and outside the aircraft that have it be statically bonded?

A

Less than 1 ohm

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33
Q

What should be inspected for when doing bonding inspections?

A
  • arcing
  • conduit bond
  • corrosion
  • freedom of movement
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34
Q

What can arcing be prevented by?

A

Bonding or by insulation if bonding isn’t necessary

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35
Q

If electrical arcing is found, what should you check for?

A

Intermittent electrical contact between conducting surfaces that can become a part of a ground plane or a current path

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36
Q

How is the metallic conduit in a conduit bond bonded to the aircraft structure?

A
  • Metallic conduit must be bonded to the aircraft structure at each terminating and breakpoint
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37
Q

How should the conduit bonding strap be connected in a conduit bond?

A

The conduit bonding strap must be ahead of the piece of equipment that’s connected to the cable wire inside the conduit

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38
Q

What type of screws can’t be used for bonding purposes?

A

Self tapping screws

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39
Q

Can bonds be attached through other bonded parts to the aircraft?

A

No, must be bonded directly to the aircraft

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40
Q

What bonding is required for exposed conducting frames or parts of electrical or electronic equipment to the structure ?

A
  • Low resistance bond of fewer than 2.5 mΩ
  • If it has a ground terminal or pin that is internally connected to exposed parts a ground wire connection is good
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41
Q

What type of joint is a bond.

A

An electrically conductive joint

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42
Q

How can you establish if an electrical ground has been established between two points?

A

By carrying out a bond test

43
Q

What are grounding and earth points purpose?

A
  • where the AC and DC systems find their respective return paths
  • Where cable screening is connected to the ground
44
Q

What is an earth point?

A

Where electrical earth and neutral terminations are made

45
Q

Where are watches points usually located?

A

Adjacent to or included in the connector groups

46
Q

Where can single earth and grounding points be found?

A

Around the aircraft

47
Q

Why are AC neutral wires and DC earth wires not connected to the same earth post?

A

To prevent feeds from the AC neutral through the DC system to earth if the wires have a weak connection at the earth post

48
Q

How are earth posts or terminal blocks tested to make sure they’re electrically bonded to the aircraft structure?

A
  • First part: bonding test
  • Secind part: millivolt drop test
49
Q

What is the corrosion tag or plate incorporated in each earth post assembly for?

A

To prevent electrolytic action between the base of the assembly and the airframe structure

50
Q

How are Burndy type terminal blocks mounted or the plane?

A

Mounted directly on to the airframe

51
Q

Why does the YHLZG family of terminal blocks not require circuits to be separated

A

It has more than one point of connection with the airframe structure

52
Q

What do hand held crimps use to crimp?

A
  • hand power
  • certi ratchet mechanism
53
Q

When are hydraulic crimping machines used on the aircraft?

A
  • where generator feeder cables or power terminals require crimping and. A handheld one can’t handle the AWG
54
Q

What are the three ways to strip the insulation from wire?

A
  • using a single blade or scalpel (not recommended)
  • double blade
  • thermal
55
Q

When both the conductor and insulation are crimped, what contributes to the overall crimp and termination strength?

A
  • depth of the crimp
  • length of the bared conductor
56
Q

What is critical when only crimping the conductor?

A
  • strip length
  • Diameter of the stripped wire portion
57
Q

What is critical when only crimping the conductor?

A
  • strip length
  • Diameter of the stripped wire portion
58
Q

What supplies the hand held hydraulic crimp tool with pressure?

A

The pumping action

59
Q

What is a crimped connection?

A

Where a cable conductor is secured by compression to a termination so that the metals of both are held together in close contact

60
Q

What is crimping?

A

Applying pressure across a contact connection where wire is inserted in to the barrel of a contact
The applied pressure causes a cold flow of contact metal in and around the conductor
Which creates a strong joint

61
Q

What does the strength of a crimping joint depend on?

A

The depth of the crimp

62
Q

What do all crimping tools have to stop the tool from opening once the crimp sequence has started?

A

A self locking ratchet

63
Q

When can a crimping tools self locking ratchet be disassembled?

A

Never

64
Q

Where can the correct tools for crimping be found in Airbus and Boeing?

A
  • Boeing Standard Wiring Practices Manual (SWPM)
  • Airbus Electicsk Stamdard Practices Manual
65
Q

How many stages is cut and pull action of the double blade cable strippers?

A
  • Five independent stages
  • coordinated using mechanical handle interlocks
66
Q

What do hand crimping tools have to accommodate the wide variety of contacts that can be crimped?

A

Interchangeable turret heads or positions

67
Q

How can crimping tools be checked for proper calibration?

A
  • select waiter selector to position no.4 for 1-01 tool or no.8 for 2-01 tool
  • fully close crimp handles and hold
  • Insert the GO and NO GO tool
68
Q

What is the engaging end of the contact?

A

The size of the AWG

69
Q

What are the advantages of using crimps?

A
  • good conductivity
  • uniformity of operation
  • strength of condone toon
  • corrosion proof
70
Q

What are the most common methods for wire terminations?

A
  • solderless
  • crimped termination
71
Q

What is the ideal shape for a crimp?

A
  • round
  • but in practice hexagonalmalso gives good results
72
Q

What are the most common terminal lugs used?

A
  • Manufactured by Aircraft Marine products
  • Pre-insulated Diamond Grip type
73
Q

How is an AMP crimping tool marked to assist with using the correct components for each wire guage?

A
  • handles are colour coded red, blue or yellow for cross reference w the wire and the actual crimp
  • the wire gauge is stamped on the plier jaws
74
Q

AMP crimp tool:What makes sure of the bottoming of the dies jaws before they’re opened again?

A

Certi- crimp ratchet

75
Q

AMP hand crimping tool: How much should the conductor strands protrude from the barrel?

A

1/32 inch

76
Q

AMP hand crimping tool: What markets sure the terminal is in the correct position and the conductor strands are protruding ?

A

The locator

77
Q

What are the insulation die heads three degrees of adjustment?

A

Loose no.3
Medium
tight no.1

78
Q

What AWG is marked by yellow?

A

26- 22
One dot

79
Q

What size range is the red tool handle tool?

A

22-16 one dot

80
Q

What size range is the blue coloured tool handle for?

A

16-14
Two dots

81
Q

What size wire is used w the yellow coloured crimping tool?

A

12-10
One dot

82
Q

When can AMP in- line splices be used in the aircraft?

A

For temporary repairs in unpressurised areas

83
Q

What type is sleeves do AMP PIDG terminal lugs and splices have?

A

Plastic or nylon insulating sleeves covering the shank or barrel

84
Q

How much insulation should be stripped before crimping?

A

Barrel length (c) + 0.8mm

85
Q

What should you check for after putting wire into the end of the splice?

A
  • the end of the conductor can be seen in the inspection hole
  • end of the conductor doesn’t overlap the wire stop
  • insulation of the wire is not in the crimp barrel
  • end of the wire insulation is max 0.13 inches from the end of the crimp barrel
86
Q

What dies can be used for most coaxial and biracial connectors and contacts?

A

Hexagonal crimp dies

87
Q

What two things does the quality of a crimp depend on?

A
  • it’s mechanical strength
  • it’s electrical conductivity
88
Q

What are the three different methods of checking and testing a crimped joint?

A
  • visual inspection
  • tensile test or pull test
  • Volts strop test
89
Q

What type of PIDG must be used on thin wall cable?

A

A restricted entry PIDG terminal must be used

90
Q

Which is male and female out of pins and sockets?

A
  • Pins are male contacts
  • Sockets are female contacts
91
Q

What are the two main parts of a connector?

A

A plug and a receptacle

92
Q

What do plugs and receptacles consist of?

A

Contacts (pins and sockets)
If there are no contacts an environmental seal is preserved within the connector

93
Q

How are environmental seals preserved within a connector?

A

Using fillers or blanking fillers

94
Q

What type of design do receptacles nabe to prevent a snorting of contacts?

A

A scoop proof design

95
Q

How are front release contacts removed from a connector?

A
  • insert extracting tool into the connector from the front
  • uses a plunger to push the pin or socket out the back of the connector
96
Q

How can a contact be pulled out from a rear release connector?

A
  • contact removal tool inserted into the contact cavity from the back or rear of the connector
  • this releases the contact retention clip
  • contact can be pulled out
97
Q

Where are contacts inserted from for front and rear release?

A

Inserted through the rear of a connector

98
Q

What is the size of a contact dependent on?

A

The current carrying capability of the wire it’s supporting

99
Q

What tool is used for removal and insertion of AWG 12,16 and 20?

A

AWG 12: yellow tool
AEG 16: a blue tool
AWG 20: red tool

100
Q

What are rear release connectors identified with?

A

Blue band around the shell or blue line on the back of the shell

101
Q

What is an advantage of rear release connectors?

A

The contacts are less susceptible to damage during removal as the tool does not shroud over the contact

102
Q

Which end of the plastic contact tool is for insertion and removal?

A

Insertion: coloured side
Removal: white

103
Q

How is an unwired contact removed?

A

Using an unwired contact removal tool

104
Q

How do you insert a contact in to a terminal block?

A
  • first insert by hand
  • than use the approved insertion tool

M7 (6 decks)

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