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Sinclair Paramedic 2150 > 7.5- GYN > Flashcards

7.5- GYN Flashcards

1
Q

What is important to ask for GYN history

A
  • Pain
  • FDLMP
  • Vaginal discharge (color, amount, frequency, smell)
  • SAMPLE/OPQRST
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2
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Painful menses

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3
Q

Dyspareunia

A

Pain during sex

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4
Q

Name of the upper, convex part of the uterus

A

Fundus

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5
Q

Layers of the uterus

A

Myometrium

Endometrium

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6
Q

Name of the neck of the uterus

A

Cervix

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7
Q

What does the cervix connect

A

Uterus and vaginal canal

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8
Q

What makes up the birth canal

A

Uterus, Cervix, Vaginal canal

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9
Q

Perineum

A

Tissue between vaginal opening and anus

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10
Q

Clitoris (The Myth)

A

Unfounded region of labia minors that come together in folds for female sexual stimulation

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11
Q

Menarche

A

Onset of menses

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12
Q

Menopause

A

End of menses in the females life

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13
Q

What is Mittleschmerz

A

Abdominal pain and cramping with accompanying symptoms in the middle of the menstrual cycle

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14
Q

Two phases of the menstrual cycle

A

Ovarian (days 1-5)

Uterine (days 5-28)

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15
Q

Two phases of the ovarian cycle

A

Follicular (Proliferative) (days 6-13)

Luteal (Secratory) (days 15-28)

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16
Q

What is ovulation, when does it occur

A

Release of egg/ovum from follicle

Occurs about 14 days after start of previous menstrual cycle

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17
Q

How long does menstruation usually last and avg blood loss

A

4-6 days

25-65 mL of blood loss

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18
Q

What is amenorrhea

A

The absence or cessation of menses

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19
Q

What is the most common cause of amenorrhea

A

Pregnancy

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20
Q

What are the parts of the internal female reproductive system

A
  • Follicles
  • Ovaries
  • Fallopian tubes
  • Uterus
  • Cervix
  • Vaginal canal
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21
Q

What are the parts of the external female reproductive system

A
  • Mons pubis
  • Labia majora and minora
  • Clitoris
  • Hymen
22
Q

What are Bartholian glands

A

Glands with ducts that exit each side of lower vagina that secrete mucous lubricant during intercourse

23
Q

Vaginitis

A

Inflammation of the vagina from infection

S/S-Itching, irritation, discharge with odor, pain during sex, L abd pain

24
Q

TORCH syndrome

  • Explain
  • Complications
A

Toxoplasmosis, Other agents, Rubella, Cystomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex.
-Infections pass through placenta from woman to fetus, higher risk the longer into pregnancy

Complications- Learning, visual, hearing problems as fetus grows older

25
Q

What is HELLP syndrome

A

Hemolysis (RBC breakdown)
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelets

25
Q

Cytomegalovirus

  • Explain
  • Complications
A

Herpes family, can lay dormant for years

Complications-Newborn-Lung problems, blood problems, liver problems, swollen glands, rash and poor weight gain

26
Q

Toxoplasmosis

  • Explain
  • Complications
A

Caused by parasite from woman handling raw/contaminated food or changing cat litter

Complications are same as TORCH syndrome

28
Q

What is a ruptured ovarian cyst

A

Fluid filled sac on ovary ruptures

S/S-

  • Sudded, unilateral steady pain
  • Radiates to shoulder with possible vag bleeding
  • Bleeding 1 wk prior to period
29
Q

PID
S/S
Treatment

A

Infection of a woman reproductive organs

S/S- gradual onset, bilateral ache, RUQ radiation, vaginal bleeding within 1 week after period

30
Q

What is cystitis

S/S

A

Inflammation of inner lining of urinary bladder

S/S- Urge to pee w/ burning, fever, L abd pain, foul smelling/blood tinged urine

31
Q

What is endometritis

S/S

A

Inflammation of uterine lining, after giving birth from retaining products of conception

S/S-Fever, foul smelling discharge, L abd pain

32
Q

What is endometriosis
S/S
Treatment

A

Ectopic or regurgitated growth of endometrial tissue, pain relief after menstruation

S/S- Dysmenorrhea, Suprapubic pain, Premenstrual spotting

Treatment-Analgesics

33
Q

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
S/S
Treatment

A

Hormonal events for menstrual cycle balance are interrupted, mainly at monarchy or menopause

S/S
Abnormal amount or frequency of vaginal bleeding

Treatment
Supportive
Position of comfort
Dressings, towels to absorb significant bleeding

34
Q

Chronic Hypertension

  • Explain
  • Fetal complications (6)
A
  • BP > 140/90, any time before, during after pregnancy, at 110D, pt can have stroke or Cardiovascular damage
  • Retard growth/development, Impair liver/renal, pulmonary edema, life threatening seizure
35
Q

Cholestasis

  • Explain
  • S/S
  • Complications
A

Liver disease, slowing/blocking bile flow and can back up into blood stream

S/S- Profuse/painful itching, fatigue, depression, nausea, RUQ pain, dark urine

Complications- Can have still birth or preterm birth

36
Q

Abortion definition

A

Expulsion of fetus before 20th week gestation for any reason

38
Q

What is a spontaneous abortion

A

A natural abortion usually with a cause that cannot be found

39
Q

What is fisting

A

Placing a closed fist and wrist into a body orifice for sexual stimulation

40
Q

What is elective abortion

A

Abortion brought about intentionally

41
Q

Septic abortion
Explain
S/S
Treatment

A

Result of uterine infection following any type of abortion

S/S- Bad smelling discharge usually a few hours after abortion, fever, abdominal tenderness

Treatment- Treat septic shock if needed

42
Q

What are habitual abortions

A

Three or more consecutive pregnancies that end in miscarriage

44
Q

Threatened abortion

A

Abortion attempting to take place, usually bleeding during first trimester, may have abdominal pain or menstrual cramps

47
Q

Imminent abortion

  • Explain
  • S/S
  • Treatment
A

Can’t be prevented, severe abdominal pain from strong uterine contractions

S/S- Vaginal bleeding, cervix dilation

Treatment- IV/Fluid, O2, ECG

47
Q

Missed abortion
Explain
S/S

A

Fetus dies during the first 20 weeks but remains in utero

S/S- Vag bleeding w/ diminishing signs of pregnancy, brown vaginal smelly discharge

48
Q

Hyperemesis Gravidarum (Morning sickness)

  • Explain
  • S/S
  • Treatment
A

Persistent nausea/vomiting during pregnancy, more in first several weeks

S/S- Severe/ persistent vomiting (3-4+ a day), projectile, nausea, pallor, maybe jaundice

Treatment- BGL, IV fluid 250ml/reassess, Diphenhydramine 50 mg IV (not with MOA inhibitors), Odansetron .4 mg IV, Ortho vitals, ECG

49
Q

Incomplete aboriton
Explain
S/S
Treatment

A

Products of conception are expelled but not all

S/S-Continuous vaginal bleeding

Treatment- IV/Fluid, possibly fundal massage

49
Q

Complete abortion

A

When all products of conception are expelled

50
Q

Rh Sensitization

  • Explain
  • Newborn presentation
A

When absent on infant RBC’s, fetus blood enters mother, her body recognizes it as bad. It can eventually attack fetus RBC’s in future pregnancies. This can kill that fetus, cause hemolytic disease.

NB presentation- Jaundice, anemia, hepatomegaly (enlarged liver)

50
Q

Problem of maternal UTI in pregnancy

A

Can result in stillbirth

-If passed to newborn it can cause Resp problems, septic shock and meningitis 7 days-months after birth

51
Q

What is supine hypotensive syndrome
Cause
S/S (6)
Treatment (4)

A

Cause- Uterus compression of inferior vena cava, reducing blood return to the heart

S/S- Nausea, dizzy, TachyC, anxiety, resp distress, syncope

Treatment- Left lateral, treat underlying cause, monitor vitals and ECG

52
Q

Gestational Diabetes

  • Explain
  • Associated problems
A
  • After wk 20 of gestation, abnormal BP increase that subsides after birth
  • Can be early sign of preeclampsia
53
Q

Peripartum Cardioyopathy (PPCM)

  • What is it
  • Risk factors
A

Uncommon form of heart failure during the last month of pregnancy and up to 5 months after

-Fat, Hx of Cardiac probs, Certain meds, Alcohol, Multipara, Black, Poor diet

Sinclair Paramedic 2150 (16 decks)

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