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RT 207 > 7. Vital Signs and Patient Assessment > Flashcards

7. Vital Signs and Patient Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

measurement of temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure

A

Vital Signs

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2
Q

4 Vital Signs

A
  1. Temperature
  2. Pulse
  3. Respiration
  4. Blood Pressure
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3
Q

may be obtained by the oral, rectal, axillary, tympanic, and temporal artery routes

A

Temperature

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4
Q

Temperature is ____ in the morning and ____ in the evening

A

lowest (am),

highest (pm)

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5
Q

is a sign of increased body metabolism (energy use), usually in response to an infectious process

A

fever (pyrexia or hyperthermia)

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6
Q

not appropriate when the patient has recently has a hot or cold beverage, is receiving oxygen, or is breathing through the mouth

A

Oral Temperature

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7
Q

temperature site that is accurate and faster

A

Rectal Temperature

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8
Q

temperature site that is slower and least accurate

A

Axillary Temperature

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9
Q

temperature site that is reliable and accurate

A

Tympanic Temperature

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10
Q

the palpable rhythmic throbbing caused by the alternating expansion and contraction of an artery as a wave of blood passes through it

A

Pulse

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11
Q

occurs when the heart rate is greater than 100 BPM

A

Tachycardia (abnormal radial pulse)

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12
Q

Pulse sites

A
  • Temporal
  • Carotid
  • Brachial
  • Radial
  • Femoral
  • Popliteal
  • Posterior tibial
  • Dorsalis pedis
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13
Q

if the radial pulse is weak or difficult to count, you can use the _____,
place your fingers just below the angle of the mandible

A

Carotid artery

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14
Q

easily accessible pulse site

A

Carotid Artery

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15
Q

particularly important if a patient loses consciousness

A

Carotid Artery

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16
Q

if the pulse is not palpable at this site, the heart is not beating effectively and emergency measures are necessary

A

Carotid Artery

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17
Q

a measurement taken by listening to the heartbeat through a stethoscope that is placed over the apex of the heart

A

Apical Pulse

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18
Q

taken over the instep of the foot pulse site

A

Dorsalis pedis Pulse

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19
Q

this measurement is significant if the peripheral circulation is compromised

A

Dorsalis pedis Pulse

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20
Q

when a patient shows evidence of respiratory distress, a respiratory rate will help in making an assessment

A

Respiration (rpm)

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21
Q

number of inhalations per minute

A

Respiration (rpm)

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22
Q

slow breathing with fewer than 12 breaths per minute

A

Bradypnea

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23
Q

rapid breathing in excess of 20 breaths per minute

A

Tachypnea

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24
Q

difficulty breathing (DOF), abnormal respiration

A

Dyspnea

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25
Q

patients in shock or with significant blood loss have marked ______ in pulse rate and in rapid, shallow breathing as the body attempts to supply oxygen to the tissues by increasing the speed of circulation

A

increase

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26
Q

critical condition brought by a sudden drop in blood flow of the body

A

Shock

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27
Q

the force of circulating blood on the walls of the arteries

A

Blood Pressure (mmHg)

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28
Q

measured when the heart beats, when blood pressure is at its highest, contraction

A

Systolic

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29
Q

measured between heart beats, when blood pressure is at its lowest, relaxation

A

Diastolic

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30
Q

abnormally high blood pressure

A

Hypertension

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31
Q

abnormally low blood pressure

A

Hypotension

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32
Q

results in a potentially life-threatening condition called shock

A

Hypotension

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33
Q

pressure exerted when blood is ejected into arteries

A

Systolic Blood Pressure

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34
Q

pressure blood exerts within arteries between heartbeats

A

Diastolic Blood Pressure

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35
Q

normal systolic blood pressure is

A

120 mmHg or below

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36
Q

normal diastolic blood pressure is

A

80 mmHg or below

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37
Q

equipment for measuring blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer or Blood Pressure Cuff and Stethoscope

38
Q

normal oral temperature (5 years old to adult male)

A

98.6 °F (37 °C)

39
Q

normal rectal temperature

A

99.6 °F (37.5°C)

40
Q

normal pulse for premature newborn

A

140 bpm

41
Q

normal pulse for full-term newborn

A

125 bpm

42
Q

normal pulse for 6 months

A

120 bpm

43
Q

normal pulse for 1 year

A

120 bpm

44
Q

normal pulse for 3 years

A

110 bpm

45
Q

normal pulse for 5 years

A

100 bpm

46
Q

normal pulse for 6 years

A

100 bpm

47
Q

normal pulse for 8 years

A

90 bpm

48
Q

normal pulse for 12 years

A

85-90 bpm

49
Q

normal pulse for 16 years

A

75-80 bpm

50
Q

normal pulse for adult male and female

A

60-100 bpm

51
Q

normal respiration for premature and full-term newborn

A

<60 rpm

52
Q

normal respiration for 6 months

A

24-36 rpm

53
Q

normal respiration for 1 year

A

22-30 rpm

54
Q

normal respiration for 3 years

A

20-26 rpm

55
Q

normal respiration for 5 years

A

20-24 rpm

56
Q

normal respiration for 6 years

A

20-24 rpm

57
Q

normal respiration for 8 years

A

18-22 rpm

58
Q

normal respiration for 12 years

A

16-22 rpm

59
Q

normal respiration for 16 years

A

14-20 rpm

60
Q

normal respiration for adult female and male

A

12-20 rpm

61
Q

normal systolic bp for premature newborn

A

50-60

62
Q

normal systolic bp for full-term newborn

A

70

63
Q

normal systolic bp for 6 months

A

90

64
Q

normal systolic bp for 1 year

A

96

65
Q

normal systolic bp for 3 years

A

100

66
Q

normal systolic bp for 5 years

A

100

67
Q

normal systolic bp for 6 years`

A

100

68
Q

normal systolic bp for 8 years

A

105

69
Q

normal systolic bp for 12 years

A

115

70
Q

normal systolic bp for 16 years

A

below 120

71
Q

normal systolic bp for adult male and female

A

below 120

72
Q

Assessing Current Physical Status

A
  • Checking the Chart
  • Physical Assessment
  • Skin Color
  • Skin Temperature
  • Level of Consciousness
  • Breathing
73
Q

review the requisition

A

Checking the Chart

74
Q

assess the patient’s current physical status and determine whether the preparation for the examination has been done successfully

A

Checking the Chart

75
Q

is an ongoing process of observation, comparison, and measurement to note and evaluate changes in a patient’s condition before, during, and after procedures in the radiographic suite

A

Physical Assessment

76
Q

eyeballing the patient

A

Physical Assessment

77
Q

one of the easiest signs to recognize is

A

Skin Color

78
Q

a bluish coloration in the skin and indicates a lack of sufficient oxygen in the tissues

A

Cyanotic

79
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

80
Q

low oxygen levels in the blood cause the lips, fingers, and toes to look blue
•lips/lining of the mouth
•nail beds

A

Cyanotic

81
Q

acute anxiety can cause cool, moist skin with wet palms and shaking hands

A

Skin Temperature

82
Q

acutely ill patient in pain may be pale and cool

A

Diaphoretic

83
Q

cool sweat

A

Diaphoretic

84
Q

may indicate a fever

A

Hot, Dry Skin

85
Q

may only be a response to the weather or the room temperature

A

Warm, Moist Skin

86
Q

Four level of consciousness (LOCs) are generally recognized and may be described as:

A
  1. Alert and conscious
  2. Drowsy but responsive
  3. Unconscious but reactive to painful stimuli
  4. Comatose
87
Q

_____ breathing is quiet and calm and requires no particular attention

A

normal

88
Q

breathing that is audible, such as _____, or appears to present a struggle for the patient, may require further assessment

A

wheezing, gasping, or coughing

89
Q

a marked increase in the depth and rate of respiration is usually the first sign of _____

A

respiratory distress

90
Q

inability to breathe when recumbent

A

Orthopnea

RT 207 (9 decks)

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