7 Vital Functions

Question 1

What is holozoic nutrition? Give the 5 stages.

Answer 1

Feeding in an animal-like fashion.

1. Intake of food into the body - indigestion
2. Food chemically broken down -digestion
3. Digested food passed on by the body -absorption
4. Digested food used by the body -assimilation
5. Removal of undigested food -egestion

Question 2

A parasite

Answer 2

Organism living in/on another organism to obtain its food. Host is always suffering
Endoparasites live in host - tapeworms, liverfluke
Exoparasites- live on host - fleas, mosquitos
Don’t digest/egest because they only take in digested food

Question 3

Saprophytes

Answer 3

Feeds on dead organic matter causing them to decay (fungi)

1. Fungus settles on food first
2. Fungus releases enzymes to digest food externally
3. After the food is digested externally, fungus absorbs in digested food

Question 4

Word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 4

Glucose + oxygen -> co2 + water + energy

Question 5

Word equation anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

Food -> co2+alcohol + energy

Question 6

What is excretion?

Answer 6

Removal of waste products of metabolism

Sweating urinating

Question 7

Sexual VS Asexual reproduction

Answer 7

Sexual:

1. involves sex (gender)
2. 2 partners required
3. Sex cells produced
4. Fertilisation will occur when male and female sex cells fuse. Forming a ZYGOTE
5. Variety is ensured
6. Evolution will occur (humans, apple trees)

Asexual:

1. No sex
2. 1 individual required
3. No sex cells produced
4. No fertilisation
5. Offspring exactly identical to parent - clone
6. No evolution occurs because offspring doesn’t vary (amoeba)

Question 8

Locomotion

Answer 8

Movement of whole body

Question 9

Differences between plants & animals

Answer 9

Plants:

1. keep growing throughout life
2. Growth occurs in certain regions only

Animals

1. Stop growing after certain age (male= 21 female =18)
2. Growth occurs in all regions & renewal of cells occurs throughout life