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03. MSK Test 1 > 7. Upper Extremity Arthrology > Flashcards

7. Upper Extremity Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

For the Sternoclavicular Joint

What two structures are rubbing together?

A

The Sternal Facet on the Sternal End of the Clavicle

and

The Notch of the Manubrium

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2
Q

For the Sternoclavicular Joint

What type of joint is it?

A

Sellar Synovial Joint

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3
Q

For the Sternoclavicular Joint

What five ligaments are involved?

A

Fibrous capsule

Costoclavicular Ligament (rib to clavicle)

Anterior / Posterior Sternoclavicular Ligament (thickenings of fibrous capsule)

Interclavicular Ligament (one clavicle to the other)

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4
Q

For the Acromioclavicular Joint

What two bone parts rub together?

A

Acromial end of the Clavicle

and

Facet on the Acromion of the Scapula

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5
Q

For the Acromioclavicular Joint

What type of joint is it?

A

Planar Synovial

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6
Q

For the Acromioclavicular Joint

What three ligaments are involved?

A

Fibrous Capsule with Articular Disc

Acromioclavicular Ligament (from Acromion to Clavicle, most of what holds the joint together)

Coracoclavicular Ligament (has two parts corresponding to the tubercle / line of the sternum)

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7
Q

What two Ligaments make up the Coracoclavicular Ligament?

A

Conoid Ligament

Trapezoid Ligament

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8
Q

For the Glenohumeral Joint

What kind of joint is it?

A

Spheroidal Synovial Joint

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9
Q

For the Glenohumeral Joint

What four ligaments are involved?

A

Fibrous Capsule (no articular disc)

Glenohumeral Ligament

Coracoacromial Ligament (protects from superior dislocation of the humerus)

Coracohumeral Ligament (goes from the base of the coracoid process to the humerus)

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10
Q

What all makes up the Coracoacromial Arch?

A

The Acromion, the Coracoid Process, and the Coracoacromial Ligament

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11
Q

What does the Transverse Humeral Ligament do?

A

Goes from the Greater Tubercle of the Humerus to the Lesser Tubercle of the Humerus

Holds the Long Head of the Biceps Brachii Tendon in the Intertubercular Groove.

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12
Q

What two Bursa are associated with the Synovial Membrane of the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Subacromial Bursa

Subscapular Bursa

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13
Q

What two ways is the humerus most likely to dislocate?

Why?

A

Anteriorly or Inferiorly

The Coracoacromial Arch stops Superior and Posterior Dislocation

The Humerus would strike the Acromion of the Scapula posteriorly

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14
Q

For the Elbow Joint

What three bone structures are involved?

A

Humeral Condyle (Trochlea / Capitulum)

Trochlear Notch of the Ulna

Head of the Radius

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15
Q

For the Elbow Joint

What kind of joint is it?

A

Ginglymous Synovial (hinge joint)

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16
Q

For the Elbow Joint

What four ligaments are involved?

A

Fibrous capsule

Lateral / Medial (Radial / Ulnar) Collateral Ligament of the Elbow

Annular Ligament of the Elbow (Ulna -> wraps around the joint -> Ulna)

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17
Q

For the Elbow Joint

What 7 Bursae are present?

A

Subcutaneous Bursa of the Medial / Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus

Bursa of Anconius

Bursa at the Origin of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Subtendinous Olecranon Bursae

Intratendinous Olecranon Bursae

Subcutaneous Olecranon Bursae

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18
Q

What ligament is likely to tear if the Elbow dislocates posteriorly?

A

Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligament of the Humerus

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19
Q

Excessive friction between the skin and the Olecranon can cause what disease?

A

Subcutaneous Olecranon Bursitis

Also called Student’s / Miners / Dart Thrower’s Elbow

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20
Q

For the Proximal Radioulnar Joint

What kind of joint is it?

A

Trochoid Synovial

Try not to get confused by the structure here. Just remember that this is the primary site of Pronation / Supination and remember that is a pivot motion

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21
Q

What is the Sacciform Recess?

A

Protrusion of Synovial Membrane from the Annular Ligament of the Elbow

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22
Q

For the Medial Radioulnar Joint

What kind of joint is it?

A

Syndesmosis

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23
Q

What “sheet” serves as the ligament of the Medial Radioulnar Joint?

A

The Interosseous Membrane of the Radioulnar Joint

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24
Q

For the Distal Radioulnar Joint

What kind of joint is it?

A

Trochoid Synovial

Same as the proximal to allow for Supination and Pronation

25
Q

What ligament is the Radial Head somewhat likely to dislocate from?

What might this condition be called?

A

The Annular Ligament of the Elbow

Nursemaid’s Elbow

26
Q

For the Radiocarpal Joint

What bone structures are involved?

A

Radial Articular Surface for the Carpal Bones (yep)

Proximal Row of Carpal Bones

(Not the Ulna. The Ulna gets its time to shine with the Trochlea of the Humerus)

27
Q

For the Radiocarpal Joint

What kind of joint is it?

A

Condyloid Synovial

28
Q

For the Radiocarpal Joint

What blocks out the Ulna?

A

The Articulating Disc

29
Q

For the Radiocarpal Joint

What 7 ligaments are involved?

A

Fibrous Capsule

Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligament / Dorsal Ulnocarpal Ligament

Palmar Radiocarpal Ligament / Palmar Ulnocarpal Ligament

Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligament of the Wrist

Lateral (Radial) Collateral Ligament of the Wrist

30
Q

For the Intercarpal Joints

What kind of joints are we dealing with?

A

Planar Synovial

31
Q

For the Intercarpal Joints

What three ligaments are we responsible for?

(2 general, 1 specific)

A

Dorsal / Palmar Intercarpal Ligaments (easy)

Pisohamate Ligament

32
Q

For the Midcarpal Joint

What kind of joint is it, technically?

Why do I say “technically?”

A

Sellar Synovial

Ligaments prevent it from moving

33
Q

For the First Carpometacarpal Joint

What kind of joint is it?

A

Sellar Synovial

34
Q

For the First Carpometacarpal Joint

What three ligaments are involved?

A

Fibrous capsule (separate from the other Carpometacarpal joints)

Palmar Carpometacarpal Ligaments

Dorsal Carpometacarpal Ligaments

35
Q

For the 2nd - 5th Carpometacarpal Joints

What kind of joint is it?

A

Planar Synovial

36
Q

For the 2nd - 5th Carpometacarpal Joints

What ligaments are involved?

A

Palmar / Dorsal Carpometacarpal Ligaments

Pisometacarpal Ligament (Pisiform to the 5th Metacarpal)

Radiate Carpal Ligament (fanning out from the Capitate)

37
Q

For the Intermetacarpal Joints

What kind of joints are they?

A

Planar Synovial

38
Q

For the Intermetacarpal Joints

What three ligaments are involved?

A

Palmar / Dorsal Intermetacarpal Ligaments

Interosseus Intermetacarpal Ligament (runs between the metacarpals)

39
Q

For the Metacarpophalangeal Joints

What kind of joints?

A

Chondylar Synovial

“Flex, extend, and uh-uh *wags finger*”

40
Q

For the Metacarpophalangeal Joints

What 5 ligaments are involved?

A

Medial and Lateral Collateral Ligaments of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint (of a given digit)

Palmar Ligament of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint (of a given digit) [acts as a floor for tendons]

Deep / Superficial Transverse Ligaments (join the heads of the metacarpals together)

41
Q

What ligament is sprained in Bull Rider’s Thumb?

Don’t say it out loud in one breath; you may pass out.

What may avulse in severe cases?

A

The Lateral Collateral Ligament of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint of the First Digit

The lateral part of the Proximal Phalanx of the First Digit

42
Q

What causes Skier’s / Gamekeeper’s Thumb?

A

Laxity or rupture of both the Medial and Lateral Collateral Ligaments of the Metacarpophalangial Joint of the First Digit.

43
Q

For the Interphalangeal Joints

What kind of joints are they?

A

Ginglymous Joints

44
Q

For the Interphalangeal Joints

What three ligaments are present in each joint?

A

Medial / Lateral Collateral Ligaments of the Proximal / Distal Interphalangeal Joint (of a given digit)

Palmar Ligament of the Proximal / Distal Interphalangeal Joint (of a given digit)

The first digit only has one interphalangeal joint, so its ligaments are just named … Ligament of the Interphalangeal Joint of the First Digit (no Distal / Proximal)

45
Q

What is “Baseball” or “Mallet” Finger?

A

Sudden hyperflexion of a Distal Interphalangeal Joint avulsing the attachment of an extensor tendon away from the Distal Phalanx

46
Q

What is the name of the structure made of the Deep Cervical Fascia between the Subclavius and the Pectoralis Minor?

A

The Costocoracoid Membrane

47
Q

When the Deep Cervical Fascia comes out of the neck heading inferiorly, what muscles does it invest?

A

Subclavius

Pectoralis Minor

48
Q

What is the name of the Deep Cervical Fascia surrounding the Pectoralis Minor M.?

A

Clavipectoral Fascia

49
Q

Inferior to Pectoralis Minor M., what does the Deep Cervical Fascia become?

What does that structure do?

A

Suspensory Ligament of the Axilla

Holds up the Axillary Fascia

50
Q

What separates the anterior and posterior compartments of the Brachial Fascia?

A

The Medial and Lateral Intermuscular Septum

51
Q

Which septum of the Brachium has a compartment for the Brachial Artery?

A

The Medial Intermuscular Septum

52
Q

What is the major structure which separates the anterior and posterior compartments of the antebrachium?

A

The Interosseous Membrane of the Medial Radioulnar Joint

53
Q

What palmar and dorsal structures of the wrist are both thickenings of the Antebrachial Deep Fascia?

A

The Extensor Retinaculum and the Palmar Carpal Ligament

54
Q

What extra special structure of the palmar wrist adds extra support, and is not made of fascia.

A

The Flexor Retinaculum (Transverse Carpal Ligament)

55
Q

What is a Synovial Cyst?

A

Accumulation of mucopolysaccaride fluid in the Synovial Sheath due to irritation

56
Q

What do we call the thickened region of Palmar Fascia, which continues from / to the Palmaris Longus M. if present?

A

The Palmar Aponeurosis

57
Q

What is the Retinacula Cutis?

A

Small ligaments which anchor the skin of the palm to the Palmar Aponeurosis

58
Q

What do the Fibrous Digital Sheaths do?

What helps keep this lubricated?

A

Hold Flexor / Extensor Tendons to the bones of the fingers.

More Synovial Sheathes.

59
Q

What is Dupuytren Contracture?

What is the obvious symptom?

A

Disease resulting in the shortening, thickening and fibrosis of the Palmar Aponeurosis and Palmar Fascia.

Partial flexion of 4th and 5th digits.

03. MSK Test 1 (18 decks)

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