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Anatomical Kinesiology > 7: Torso and Spine Muscles > Flashcards

7: Torso and Spine Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

erector spinae groups

A

spinalis, longissimus, and iliocostalis

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2
Q

erector spinae group actions

A

spine extension, spine hyperextension, spine lateral flexion

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3
Q

erector spinae spinalis group location

A

off the spinous processes of the vertebrae

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4
Q

erector spinae longissimus group location

A

off the transverse processes of the vertebrae

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5
Q

erector spinae iliocostalis group location

A

off the ribs

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6
Q

erector spinae group that is the most medial

A

spinalis gropu

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7
Q

erector spinae group that is most lateral

A

iliocostalis group

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8
Q

3 sections of erector spinae spinalis group

A

capitus, cervicis, and thoracis

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9
Q

3 sections of erector spinae longissimus group

A

capitus, cervicis, and thoracis

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10
Q

3 sections of erector spinae iliocostalis group

A

cervicis, thoracis, and lumborium

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11
Q

capitus

A

head

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12
Q

cervicis

A

cervical vertebrae region

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13
Q

thoracis

A

thoracic vertebrae region

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14
Q

lumorum

A

lumbar vertebrae region

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15
Q

common erector spinae problem, lifting heavy weights without proper back support leads to the stretching/tearing of the ligaments and fibers from excessive extension or rotation of spine

A

back strain

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16
Q

very common health problem and the most frequent and most expensive of all workman’s compensation claims in the US

A

low back pain

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17
Q

During full flexion the erector spinae are ____. When standing upright the muscles are ___ and extension is initiated by the ____. This is why you should always lift with a straight back to avoid injury

A

relaxed, active, hamstrings

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18
Q

deep muscles of the spine (LIMIRSSS)

A

longus colli group, interspinalis, multifdus, intertransversarii, rotatores, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, and semispinalis thoracis

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19
Q

Longus Colli Group AR

A

A: C-spine flexion; R: anterior c-spine

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20
Q

Interspinalis AR

A

A: extension (hyper); R: spinous process

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21
Q

Multifidus AR

A

A: extension (hyper), rotation to opposite side; R: transverse to spinous

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22
Q

Intertransversarii AR

A

A: lateral flexion; R: transverse process

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23
Q

very tiny muscles that connect from one spinous process to another

A

interspinalis muscles

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24
Q

connect between each transverse process

A

intertransversarii muscles

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25
Q

lies deep to erector spinae muscles and it connects from one transverse process to the nest spinous process

A

multifidus

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26
Q

Rotatores AR

A

A: extension (hyper), rotation to opp side;
R: transverse to spinous

27
Q

Semispinalis Capitis AR

A

A: extension (hyper), rotation to opp side;
R: occipital

28
Q

Semispinalis Cervicis AR

A

A: extension (hyper, rotation to opp side;
R: cervical

29
Q

Semispinalis Thoracis AR

A

A: extension (hyper), rotation to opp side;
R: thoracic

30
Q

Which deep spine muscles share the exact same actions?

A

multifidus, rotatores, semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, and semispinalis thoracis

31
Q

differs from the multifidus by going from 1 transverse process to 2 spinous processes

A

rotatores

32
Q

abdominal muscles (TIRE)

A

transversus abdominis, internal obliques, rectus abdominis, and external obliques

33
Q

External Obliques OIA

A

O: lower 8 ribs;
I: iliac crest, linea alba;
A: lateral flexion to same side, trunk flexion, rotation to opposite side

34
Q

Internal Obliques OIA

A

O: iliac crest, inguinal ligament;
I: pubic bone, 7th-9th ribs;
A: lateral flexion to same side, trunk flexion, rotation to same side

35
Q

important during forced expiration, coughing, and sneezing

A

internal obliques

36
Q

Rectus Abdominis OIA

A

O: pubic symphysis;
I: ribs 5-7, ziphoid process;
A: flexion of the trunk

37
Q

Transversus Abdominis OIA

A

O: inguinal ligament, iliac crest;
I: linea alba;
A: supports viscera

38
Q

primary ab muscle and is used during sit-ups and leg raises while lying down

A

rectus abdominis

39
Q

divide each rectus into 4 bellies, 8 total

A

tendinous bands

40
Q

deepest of the obliques and rectus abdominis, runs transversally. used for compression of the viscera (keeps everything, internal organs, in place)

A

transversus abdominis

41
Q

action of abdominal compression that reduces or maintains the size of the abdominal cavity

A

isometric action

42
Q

why is abdominal compression useful during lifting activities?

A

the decrease in cavity size causes an increase in pressure and pushes on the anterior lumbar bodies, which helps stabilize the spine and assist in producing lumbar extension, which is helpful when the spine is most vulnerable to injuries (lifting activities)

43
Q

lower trunk extensor

A

quadratus lumborum (posterior)

44
Q

Quadratus Lumborum (posterior) OIA

A

O: posterior part of iliac crest;
I: 12th rib, transverse processes of L1-L4;
A: lateral flexion to same side, extension, hyperextension

45
Q

4 sided muscle in lumbar region that helps to stabilize lumbar vertebrae as well as assisting in forced expiration

A

quadratus lumborum (posterior)

46
Q

Primary muscles of respiration

A

diaphragm, external intercostals, internal intercostals

47
Q

dome-shaped at the level of the xiphoid process and last 7 ribs. contracts downward to enlarge thoracic cavity during inspiration

A

diaphragm

48
Q

very deep muscle that is the most important muscle of inspiration. pressure changes occur within this muscle to help blood return to the heart (larger volume=less pressure)

A

diaphragm

49
Q

aid in inspiration and their fibers are oriented obliquely down and forward toward the costal cartilage

A

external intercostals

50
Q

attached between each rib, rib elevation to enlarge cavity during inspiration

A

external intercostals

51
Q

attached between each rib. decrease cavity and aids in forced expiration

A

internal intercostals

52
Q

aid in forced expiration and their fibers are oriented obliquely away from the costal cartilage

A

internal intercostals

53
Q

muscles that aid in inspiration

A

diaphragm, external intercostals

54
Q

muscles that aid in forced expiration

A

internal intercostals, quadratus lumborum, transversus thoracis

55
Q

muscles that increase thoracic cavity

A

levator costarum, scalenus group, serratus posterior (superior), subcostales, diaphragm, external intercostals

56
Q

help with inspiration by raising the 1st rib

A

scalene group from the cervical region

57
Q

levator costarum AR

A

A: rib elevation;
R: between ribs

58
Q

scalenus (group) AR

A

A: rib 1 elevation, cervical flexion, lateral flexion, rotation;
R: transverse process to rib 1

59
Q

serratus posterior (superior fibers) AR

A

A: rib elevation;
R: upper ribs

60
Q

subcostales AR

A

A: rib elevation;
R: inner surface of the ribs

61
Q

muscles that decrease thoracic cavity

A

transversus thoracis, serratus posterior (inferior), internal intercostals

62
Q

tranversus thoracis AR

A

A: rib depression;
R: inner surface of costal cartilage

63
Q

serratus posterior (inferior fibers) AR

A

A: rib depression;
R: lower ribs

Anatomical Kinesiology (14 decks)

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