Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomical Kinesiology > 1B: Types of Bones, Joints & Body Actions > Flashcards

1B: Types of Bones, Joints & Body Actions Flashcards

1
Q

4 types of bones

A

long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many bones in the body?

A

206

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

list functions of bones (5)

A

support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

generally have tubular shafts and articular surfaces at each end

A

long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

provide the framework for the body and make movement possible

A

long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

have a diaphysis and 2 epiphyses

A

long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

early in life, the epiphysis is separated from the diaphysis by what cartilaginous structure in long bones?

A

epiphyseal plate (growth plate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tissue layer around entire bone where bone cells are produced and what muscles attach to

A

periosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

femur, humerus, tibia

A

examples of long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

no diaphysis, fairly symmetrical

A

short bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

carpal and tarsal bones

A

examples of short bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

flat, thin, with broad flat surfaces

A

flat bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

protect vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs. function=protection

A

flat bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

head bones, thorax, scapula

A

examples of flat bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

any bone that is not long, short or flat bone

A

irregular bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vertebral column, patella, sesamoid bones

A

irregular bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

free-floating oval bones that are usually found within tendons of muscles

A

sesamoid bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

hold tendon further away from joint, so angle of tendon increases, as well as leverage and power of the muscle

A

sesamoid bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

at the end of long bones, bony knobs

A

condyles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

a ridge

A

crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

just above the condyles, smaller bony knobs

A

epicondyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

a hole

A

foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

a smooth, hollow surface on the bone

A

fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

smaller, flatter smooth surface like the vertebrae that articulate superiorly and inferiorly

A

facet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

area of bone that looks cut out and allows structure like blood vessels and nerves to pass through

A

notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

rounded part at the end of a long bone

A

head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

just below the head where it narrows

A

nech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

long, thin projection of bone

A

spine/processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

pointy at the end of the bone

A

styloid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

smaller bump on the bone

A

tubercle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

medium bump on the bone

A

tuberosities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

biggest bump on the bone

A

trochanters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

number of bones that form the cranium

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

number of facial bones

A

14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

number of skull bones

A

22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

most posterior skull bone, contains the foramen magnum, occipital protuberance, super and inferior nuchal lines

A

occipital bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

protruding bump on the back of your head before the foramen magnum

A

occipital protuberance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

most anterior cranial bone

A

frontal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

cranial bone that contains external auditory meatus, mastoid process, and zygomatic arch

A

temporal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

hole located between the ramus of the mandible and the mastoid process that allows sound to enter the inner ear

A

external auditory meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

protuberance angled down behind your ear on the temporal bone

A

mastoid process

42
Q

connects the temporal bone and the zygomatic bone

A

zygomatic arch

43
Q

name the four cranial sutures

A

coronal, lambdoidal, sagittal, squamous

44
Q

where the parietal bones meet the frontal bone

A

coronal suture

45
Q

where the parietal bones meet the occipital bone

A

lambdoidal suture

46
Q

where the 2 parietal bones come together

A

sagittal suture

47
Q

where the parietal bones meet the temporal bone

A

squamous suture

48
Q

what are concussions considered?

A

a serious brain injury

49
Q

must there be loss of consciousness for a concussion to occur?

A

no

50
Q

what sport do concussions occur in?

A

any sport

51
Q

recognition and proper management of concussions when they ____ can help prevent further injury or even death

A

first occur

52
Q

how many sports- and recreation-related concussions occur each year in the US?

A

3.8 million

53
Q

what are the two sign to help recognize a concussion?

A
  1. forceful blow to head or body that results in rapid movement of the head AND 2. any change in behavior, thinking, or physical functioning
54
Q

serious condition from repeat concussions that results in brain swelling, permanent brain damage, and even death

A

second impact syndrome

55
Q

What 4 step should a coach take when a concussion is suspected?

A
  1. remove from play. 2. evaluated by HCP. 3. inform parents. 4. return to play with HCP permission
56
Q

fracture where bone does not break through skin

A

closed (simple) fracture

57
Q

fracture where bone breaks through skin

A

open (compound) fracture

58
Q

broken fragments of bone driven inward to form a cavity (i.e. blunt force trauma to the head)

A

depression fracture

59
Q

bone tissue collapses or is crushed due to excess trauma or weight

A

compression fracture

60
Q

1 side of bone breaks, other side bends (incomplete break)

A

greenstick fracture

61
Q

broken horizontally across its width

A

transverse fracture

62
Q

series of incomplete breaks parallel to long axis of bone (incomplete fracture)

A

stress fracture

63
Q

portion of bone is broken away as a result to direct trauma or excessive muscle contraction against resistance

A

avulsion fracture

64
Q

break line spirals around bone due to excessive twisting

A

spiral fracture

65
Q

study of joints or articulations

A

arthrology

66
Q

the connection or junction between 2 or more bones or between cartilage and bone

A

joint

67
Q

connect bone to bone

A

ligaments

68
Q

3 types of joints (structural classification)

A

fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial

69
Q

band of strong fibrous connective tissue that ties the ends of bones together to facilitate or limit movement between bones

A

ligaments

70
Q

3 types of joint (functional classification)

A

synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, and diarthrosis

71
Q

immovable joints that have no separation or joint cavity

A

synarthrosis

72
Q

sutures of the skull are what type of joint

A

synarthrosis

73
Q

slightly moveable joints

A

amphiarthrosis

74
Q

2 types of amphiarthrosis joints

A

symphysis and syndesmosis

75
Q

slightly moveable cartilaginous amphiarthrosis joint

A

symphysis

76
Q

example of symphysis joint

A

symphysis pubis and intervertebral discs

77
Q

slightly moveable fibrous amphiarthrosis joint

A

syndesmosis

78
Q

example of syndesmosis

A

tibia and fibula

79
Q

freely moveable, true joint

A

diarthrosis

80
Q

3 essential characteristics of diarthrosis joints

A
  1. end of bones are smooth and have cartilage or disk/meniscus. 2. articular capsule with synovial fluid and membrane. 3. ligaments to stabilize the joint.
81
Q

6 types of diarthrosis joints

A

gliding, hinge, pivot, ball and socket, saddle, condyloid

82
Q

contains the fibrous membrane and the synovial membrane

A

the articular capsule

83
Q

lines the joint and secretes fluid for lubrication and provides nutrients to joint structures

A

synovial membrane

84
Q

4 categories of diarthrosis by the type of movement they permit

A

nonaxial, uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial

85
Q

bones that lie next to each other an slide together. consist of irregularly shaped surfaces that are typically either flat or slightly rounded. nonaxial joint, because they dont move around an actual axis.

A

gliding joints

86
Q

sternoclavicular joing, intercarpal and intertarsal joints, and the superior and inferior facets of vertebrae

A

gliding joints

87
Q

uniaxial joint that acts like a hing on a door. capable of flexion and extension

A

hinge joints

88
Q

tibofemoral joint, humeroulnar joint

A

hinge joints

89
Q

what plane of motion do hinge joints move in?

A

sagittal plane (mediolateral axis)

90
Q

one bone rotating in a ring of another. uniaxial joint

A

pivot joints

91
Q

atlantoaxial joint, proximal radioulnar joint

A

pivot joints

92
Q

what plane of movement do pivot joints move in?

A

transverse plane (longitudinal axis)

93
Q

triaxial joint

A

ball and socket joints

94
Q

hip and shoulder

A

ball and socket joints

95
Q

what plane of movement do ball and socket joints move in?

A

sagittal, transverse, and frontal (all of them)

96
Q

opposing bones that come together are convex and concave. rare biaxial joints. cannot rotate. flex/ext and abd/add possible

A

saddle joints

97
Q

carpometacarpal joint

A

only true saddle joint in the body

98
Q

bixial joint where condyle of one vone fits into an elliptical cavity of another bone

A

condyloid joints

99
Q

temporomadibular joint and metacarpophalangeal joints

A

condyloid joints

100
Q

what 2 planes of movement do condyloid and saddle joints move in?

A

sagittal and frontal

Anatomical Kinesiology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions