7. The diaphragm and lymphatic drainage

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

What vertebrae level is the right crus?

Answer 2

L1-3

Question 3

What vertebrae level is the left crus?

Answer 3

L1-2

Question 4

What passes through caval hiatus and what vertebral level?

Answer 4

IVC, phrenic nerve T8

Question 5

What passes through oesophageal hiatus and what vertebral level?

Answer 5

eosophagus, right/left vagus nerves T10

Question 6

What passes through the aortic hiatus and what vertebral level?

Answer 6

Descending aorta, azygos vein, thoracic duct T12

Question 7

What is the diaphragm attached to?

Answer 7

to sternum via xiphoid process
costal cartilage of 6th rib
2 crus attach to vertebral bodies

Question 8

What innervates the diaphragm?

Answer 8

Phrenic nerve: motor (inferior surface) sensory (central part) pf diaphragm

C3,4,5

the periphery of the diaphragm also receive sensory branches from intercostal nerve T7-T12

Question 9

What is a hiatus hernia?

Answer 9

abnormal protrusion of a structure, stomach goes through hiatus opening

Question 10

What is the lymphatic drainage of the chest wall?

Answer 10

Right lymphatic duct= drains into right arm, should, side of head/neck

Thoracic duct= drains everywhere else

Question 11

Where does breast lymph drain?

Answer 11

anterior pectoral group of axillary lymph nodes