7. Pharmacology of the autonomic nervous system: Pharmacology of the parasympathetic nervous system (parasympathomimetics, parasympatholytics) Flashcards
1
Q
Parasympathetic nervous system
A
Rest & Digest
2
Q
Parasympathomimetics
A
Stimulants
- Cholinergic drugs (those resembling ACh)
3
Q
Parasympathomimetic effect: Eye
A
- Iris contraction
- ↑outflow from canals of Schlemm
- ↓intraocular pressure
- ↑secretion of tears
- Myosis (excess pupil constriction)
4
Q
Parasympathomimetic effect: Cardiovascular system
A
- Negative chronotropic effect = ↓SA node activity
- Negative dromotropic effect = ↓conduction velocity through AV node
5
Q
Parasympathomimetic effect: GI tract
A
- ↑ SM contraction & tone, peristaltic activity & motility
- ↑ Salivation & stomach acid secretion
- Vomiting, diarrhea
6
Q
Parasympathomimetic effect: respiratory tract
A
Bronchoconstriction & ↑ bronchial secretions
7
Q
Parasympathomimetic effect: Urinary tract
A
- Ureter & bladder SM contractinon
- Relaxation of sphincter muscle
8
Q
Direct parasympathomimetics
A
Act by stimulating nicotinic or muscarinic receptors
- ACh
- Carbachol
- Pilocarpine
9
Q
List some direct parasympathomimetics
A
- Acetylcholine
- Carbachol
- Pilocarpine
10
Q
Carbachol
A
- Nonspecific to M-ACh receptors
- Used locally in metritis & as eye drops in glaucoma therapy
11
Q
Pilocarpine
A
- Glaucoma therapy
- Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
12
Q
Indirect parasympathomimetics
A
Act by inhibiting cholinesterase, promoting ACh release
13
Q
List some indirect parasympathomimetics
A
- Neostigmine
- Pyridostigmine
- Edrophonium
- Organophosphates
14
Q
Neostigmine
A
Eye-drop for treatment of glaucoma
- IV/IM for myasthenia gravis & intestinal motility ↑
15
Q
Pyridostigmine
A
PO for myasthenia gravis & ↑ intestinal motility
