10. Inhibitory drugs of CNS: Hypnosedatives (sedative-hypnotics) Flashcards
1
Q
List the Hypnosedatives
A
- α2-agonists
- Benzodiazepines
- Propandiol-derivatives
- Barbiturates
2
Q
Hypnosedatives: Effect
A
- Sedative
- Anxiolytic
- Muscle relaxation
- Anticonvulsive
3
Q
α2-agonist →
A
- Activation of postsynaptic receptors
- Activation of presynaptic α2 receptors
4
Q
Activation of postsynaptic receptors →
A
- Vasoconstriction
- Transient hypertension
- Activation of baroreceptors
- Bradycardia
5
Q
Activation of presynaptic α2-receptors causes which effects in the body?
A
- ↓ Motor activity
- ↓ Intraocular pressure
- ↓ Salivation
- Hypotension
- Analgesia & sedation
- Vagal bradycardia
- GI SM relaxation
6
Q
α2-agonist: Effect of ↑ dose
A
- Deepens sedation
- Deepens analgesia
- ↑ muscle relaxation
7
Q
Delivery method of α2-agonists
A
IM, IV
8
Q
α2-agonists produce moderate analgesia when combined with…
A
Ketamine or butorphanol for general anaesthesia
9
Q
α2-agonists can induce…
A
Emesis
10
Q
Give examples of α2-agonists
A
- Xylazine
- Detomidine
- Romifidine
- Medetomidine
- Dexmedetomidine
11
Q
Xylazine
A
- Low α1 & α2 specificity
- Cardiovascular side effects
- Vomiting in cat & dog
12
Q
Detomidine
A
Equine - IM/IV
- No loss of consciousness
- Bradycardia
- Respiratory depression
13
Q
Romifidine is used in…
A
Equine
14
Q
Medetomidine & Dexmedetomidine
A
Used in small animals
- High α1 & α2 specificity
- Low incidence of vomiting
15
Q
Give examples of α2 antagonists
A
- Atipamezole
- Yohimbine
