7 Means Of Egress Flashcards
A continuous and unobstructed path of vertical and horizontal egress exit travel from any occupied point in a building or structure to a public way
Egress
A means of egress must terminate where
In a public way or area of refuge
A public way must have a minimum width and height of
10 feet
True/false model code’s permit escalators elevators or moving walkways as part of a means of egress
False they are not allowed as part of a means of egress
Exit access leads from an occupied portion of a building or structure to
The exit
Examples of exit access
Corridor leading to exit opening
Isle with an assembly occupancy that is designed to accommodate and conduct people to exit
Pathway leading from an inside space to an exit
Un enclosed ramp or stairs
Occupied room or space
Examples of exits include
Door at ground level that leads directly to outside
Exit passageway to outside
Horizontal exit
Stairway enclosed by fire resistance rated wall and soft closing fire doors
An exit is
The transition point between exit access and exit discharge. Usually an exit door on exterior wall
Exit passageways are designed to connect and interior exit stair to
And exit door on the exterior of the structure
And exit passageway must be wide enough to accommodate
A total capacity of all exits that discharge through it
Exits that are commonly used in high-rise buildings and hospitals as a means of passing through a fire barrier wall that separates to fire compartments in a structure
Horizontal exit
Two basic types of horizontal exits are
Egress from one building to refuge area in another building
Egress through fire barrier to area of refuge in the same building
Horizontal exits require firewalls or fire barrier walls with at least a fire resistance rating of
Two hours
Fire resistance rating for a fire door in a horizontal exit
1.5 hours
Horizontal exits may be substituted for other exits if they do not compose more than what of the total exit capacity of the building
50%
The exit discharge exists between the termination of the exit point and
The public way
Two examples of exit discharges
Exterior walkway alongside structure from exit to public way
Privately owned drive or Ally connecting exit to public way
Passive components for a means of egress provide two benefits to occupants
Separate occupants from fire during escape.
Consist of lighting and signs to guide her direct occupants to exit or refuge
Two of the most important life safety functions of a door are too
Act as barrier to the movement of fire and smoke.
Serve as component of means of egress system
Each door opening must be wide enough to accommodate the number of people expected to travel through an emergency. In new buildings model code requires the doors serving as a component to a means of egress be at least how wide
36-48 inches, provide minimum 32 inches of clear unobstructed width
Doors that open into corridors or hallways must be placed so that the door does not obstruct more than how much of the required exit with during any of its point of swing
Does not obstruct more than one half of exit width
Panic hardware should release by applying a force no more than
15 pounds
The door with panic hardware should be able to be set in motion by applying a force of not more than
30 pounds
Doors that are electronically locked or have keypads an alarm devices will open in the event of a power locks. True false
True
Wall finish, paint wallpaper fabric, is dictated based on occupancy group in the walls to an exit pathway. What classes are allowed of interior finish in exit or exit access corridors
Class a, 0-25. Class B 26-75.
When the ceiling is part of the fire resistance rated walls the ceiling must have what fire rating
The same fire rating as the walls
Exit access stairways must be at least 44 inches wide if the occupant load of all floors served by the stairway is
More than 50
If the occupant load of all floors served by the stairway of an exit excess is less than 50 people the stairway must be at least how wide
36 inches
Exit access stairs must have landings provided so that no flight of stairs are greater than how long
12 feet
Stairways that are exceptionally wide may be required to have
Intermediate handrails in the middle of the stairs
The construction that encloses the exit must have at least one fire resistance rating when the exit connects three stories or less
One hour minimum
When the exit connects for more stories the separating construction must have a fire resistance rating of at least
Two hours
Any opening in the exit stairs must be protected by
A self-closing fire resistance rating exit door
The door to a stairway must have a one hour reading when used in an enclosure rated at what
One hour
On the stairway enclosure is two hour rated enclosure, what fire rating must the door have
At least 1.5 hour rating
Ramps must be at least how wide
44 inches wide
Handicap ramps must have a maximum slope of
1:12
1 inch rise in 12 inches distance
1’in12’ is the same
The maximum length of the handicap ramp without a landing is
30 feet
Exterior fire escape stairs may not be used as a means of egress and new construction. When found an old construction these stairs may constitute how much of the required means of egress
One half of required means of egress
Fire escape slides also called slidescapes, must be of an approved type and rated at one exit unit per slide with a rated capacity of how many persons
60 persons
Any required exit illumination must be arranged so that the failure of any single lighting unit, such as a defective light bulb, will not leave
Any area in darkness
True/false battery operated units for illumination may be used for primary exit illumination
False
battery operated units may not be used for primary illumination but may be used as back up
Floors must be illuminated with emergency lighting not less than
1 foot candle at floor level
Illuminated exit signs must be positioned so that in no point in the exit access
Is no more than 100 feet from the nearest visible sign
Letters on exit signs must be at least how high
6 inches
For a illuminated exit signs the principal strokes of the letters must be at least how wide
3/4 inch wide
Floor level emergency signs are used only when
Used in addition to standard ceiling level signs
Floor level proximity exit signs are used for what reason
For crawling occupants to identify exits through smoke
Bottom of a floor proximity exit signs must be how far above the floor surface
6-8 inches
Auxiliary power units, such as batteries or generators, required to be tested how frequently with the observation of an inspector
Monthly and annual test of the system
Total number of persons who may occupy a building or portion of it at one time
Occupant load
The approved maximum occupancy load for a structure or room must be visible and legible, and posted on a sign near
Near the entry to the structure or area used for assembly
The formula for determining the occupant load of a structure room or area is
Occupant load= net floor area/Area per person factor
That floor area of an area of assembly or structure is determined by
Multiplying length by with
What is the area per person factor of a nightclub with on concentrated tables and chairs
15 ft.²
The occupant load of a nightclub that is 15,000 ft.² in size, and an area per person factor of 15 ft.²
1000 people
Maximum allowable area per person in a parking garage,
200 ft.²
For a building or portion of a building that has more than one use, multiuse occupancy, the occupant load is determined by
The use that allows for the largest number of persons to occupy the building
For a building or portion of a building that contains two or more distinct occupancies, multiple occupancies in one building, the occupant load is determined by calculating
By calculating the occupant load for each occupancy separately and adding them together
Hey Dancehall is considered a concentrated use and each person is allowed how many square feet, area per person factor
7 ft.²
Area per person factor for an exercise room
50 ft.²
occupancy load for a 25,000 square-foot building used as an exercise area
25000/50= 500 people
Occupancy load for dance hall 25,000 square feet
25000/7= 3571 people
Method for determining the number of exits a room or building must have to effectively evacuate
Capacity of means of egress.
Arrangement of exits from room or building.
Effectiveness of means of egress
The total means of egress, or exit capacity must be at least equal to
The occupant load
To determine the required width for means of egress a numerical factor is expressed in inches per person. The most common numerical factors are
0.3 inches per person for stairway, 0.2 inches per person for ramps or level exit components
To determine the width for a means of egress buildings that are considered hazardous occupancies use what calculations of inch per person
0.7 inch per person for stairs, 0.4 inches for ramps or level exit component
Exit capacity is determined by
Calculating the capacity of exit access, exit, and discharge and determining the smallest capacity of the three.
Exit capacity of egress components is calculated by
Dividing width of component by inch per person factor.
Exit capacity for a corridor that is 44 inches wide
44/0.2= 220 persons
Exit capacity for an egress system who’s exit access is a hallway 44 inches wide, the exit stairwell is 44 inches wide, and the exit discharge is 12 feet wide
44/0.2= 220 persons for corridor
44/0.3= 146 persons for stairs
12x12 (inches per foot) 144 inches
144/0.2= 720 persons
Smallest number is 146 so exit capacity is 146 people
In the case of multiple means of egress, total exit capacity for the building or room is determined by
Determine capacity of each exit and add them all together.
The total of the exit capacities cannot be less than
The sum of all the capacities.
Most codes require how many exits from any balcony mezzanine story or portion there of that has an occupant load of 500 persons or less
At least two exits
For occupant load greater than 500 persons on the balcony mezzanine story or portion of it, how many exits minimum
Three or more exits
For a balcony mezzanine story or portion of that has an occupant load of 1000 people what is the minimum number of exits
Four or more
Code specify the exit should be as remote from each other as possible. True false
True
Helps minimize travel distance to an exit
Went to exits are required they are to be located not less than how far apart
Not less than one half the length of the overall diagonal dimensions of the room
When two or more exits are required at least two will meet the minimum separation requirement while the third exit is to be located how
In a manner that will allow it to be available if the primary exits are blocked
Maxim travel distance to an exit is measured on the floor or walking surface along
Centerline of the natural path of travel
A dead and Corridor is a condition that exists when a Corridor has no outlet to a means of egress and is more than how long
20 ft or more long
Path that all occupants must travel in one direction before reaching a point where they may choose between two separate and distinct paths leading to two separate exits
Common path of travel
Steps and inspector should use in determining the means of egress requirements
Determine occupant load.
Determine clear width of the each component.
Determine egress capacity of each component.
Determine most restrictive component of each group.
Determine if egress capacity is sufficient
The means of egress system is composed of three basic elements
Exit access.
Exit.
Exit discharge
Capacity of stairways must be able to accommodate how many people
The greatest number of people expected to occupy any single floor above
