7- Infectious diseases (viral exanthem summaries) (4/4)

Question 1

viral exanthem

Answer 1

Originally 6 known as: first, second, fourth, fifth and sixth disease
- First disease: Measles
- Second disease: Scarlet Fever
- Third disease: Rubella (AKA German Measles)
- Fourth disease: Dukes’ Disease
- Fifth disease: Parvovirus B19
- Sixth disease: Roseola Infantum

Question 2

first disease

Answer 2

measles

Question 3

second disease

Answer 3

scarlet fever

Question 4

third disease

Answer 4

rubella

Question 5

fourth disease

Answer 5

dukes disease

Question 6

fifth disease

Answer 6

parvovirus B19

Question 7

measles presentationsummary

Answer 7

• Erythematous, partially confluent exanthem of a dark red colour which begins on face and behinds ears and disseminates to the body
• Enanthem of the palate and koplik spots (white lesions in mouth)- pathognomonic

Question 8

scarlet fever presentation

Answer 8

• Fine and light red and maculopapular rash that develops into scarlet-like, partially confluent rash after 1 to 2 days
• Non blanching
• Sand paper skin which starts on chest and disseminates out
• Red face
• Bright red tongue- strawberry tongue

Question 9

Rubella presentation

Answer 9

• Non-confluent, pink and maculopapular
• Rash begins on face and behind ears and extends to whole body

Question 10

Erythema infectiosus/ Parvovirus (fifth disease) presentation

Answer 10

• Wont necessarily develop a rash
• Red papules may emerge on extremities and trunk -> lace like
• Blotchy red rash appears on the cheeks which group together to form red, slightly swollen plaques
• ‘slapped cheek’

Question 11

Roseola infantum presentation

Answer 11

• Patchy, rose pink
• Pronounced on the torso
• Febrile phase and sudden decrease in temp
• Herpes HHV 7

Question 12

Chicken pox presentation

Answer 12

o Widespread
o Inc oral mucosa
o Small red bumps which develop into pustules and then scabs
o Starry sky characteristic

Question 13

kawasaki presentation

Answer 13

Crasha and Burn

• Persistent high fever (above 39 degrees) for more than 5 days (Pyrexia of unknown origin)
• Children will be unhappy and unwell
• Key skin finding:
  o Widespread erythematous maculopapular rash
  o Desquamation (skin peeling) on the palms and soles
• Other features
  o Strawberry tongue
  o Cracked lips
  o Cervical lymphadenopathy
  o Bilateral conjunctivitis