7 - Hip Disorders Flashcards
What is hip dysplasia
Abnormal development of the hip joint
Hip dysplasia is initially
Laxity of the hip join that ultimately results in joint instability and secondary OA
What % is a genetic component of hip dysplasia
20 - 35%
Prevalence of hip dysplasia is approximately
3.5%
Why is hip dysplasia prevalence artificially low
May not submit radiographs for observation when the dog obviously has hip dysplasia
Breeds with highest incidence of hip dysplasia
Newfoundland, Saint Bernard, Old ENglish sheep dog, GS,
Neutered dogs have what odds ration for hip dysplasia
1.2
What should you do in regard for neutering to help delay progression of OA - hip dysplasia
Delay neutering until sexual maturity
What plays a major role in expression of hip dysplasia in young developing dogs
Diet
Repeated subluxation may result in
Acetabular micro fractures that contribute to pain
The hips develop instability between what age
4 and 12 months
Bunny hopping gait is a key early sign of
Hip dysplasia
Evaluation of hip dysplasia means pain with
Extension of the hip joint
Diagnosis of hip dysplasia may be made by palpation of
Joint laxity - Ortolani sign
With progression of subluxation of the hips, what might cause the pain to decrease
Periarticular fibrosis improves the joint stability
What is the classic method of assessing joint laxity in young dogs
Ortolani sign
What is the process of the Ortolani sign
Adduct , push dorsal, abduct, feel pop while your Thumb is on the greater trochanter
Barden’s maneuver
Direct lateral displacement of the femoral head from teh acetabulum
Radiograph for hip dysplasia primarily concerned with
VD view
Penn Hip
V - D radiograph with distraction to calculate distraction index
What is the minimum age for final grading of OFA view
2 year
OFA views are rated as
Excellent, good, fair, borderline, dysplasia
Which hip dysplasia test can be diagnostic at earlier ages
Penn Hip or Distraction Index
What is an abnormal distraction index
Greater than 3.5
Surgical options for hip dysplasia include
Pubic symphysis desks, triple pelvic osteotomy, femoral head and neck osteoctomy, total hip replacement
Juvenile Pubic SYmphysiodeis is performed when
16 and 18 weeks of age
Describe juvenile pubic symphysiodeis
Pubic symphysis is surgicallly damaged, causing it to fuse and alter pelvic growth
What is cut in a triple pelvic osteotomy
Ilium, pubis, and ischium
TPO is for
Young dogs with minimal OA
TPO aftercare
Towel support for 2 weeks, leash walk for 4 - 6 weeks
Complications of TPO
Implant loosening, sciatic nerve paresis, subluxation, stranguria
FHO
Femoral head and neck excision
FHO may provide
Pain control
Who benefits the most from FHO
Dogs in severe pain
What are some late diagnosis clinical findings associated with OA
Lameness, crepitus, muscle atrophy, decreased range of motion
What happen to the femoral head during hip dysplasia
Eburnation flattening of femoral head
What is the first treatment of choice for hip dysplasia
Medial - NSAIDs, weight loss, exercise modification , adequan
Surgical options for hip dysplasia
Total hip replacement, femoral head and neck ostectomy
Total hip replacement may offer better function in what dogs
Large dogs
Cannont perform THR is what is unsuccessful
FHO
What are some components cemented prosthesis
Polyethylene socket, stainless steel femoral head and stem
Legg - Calve - Perthes Disease
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Legg - Calve Perthes Disease breed
Toy, terrier, and other small breeds
Legg - Calve Perthes is usually unilateral or bilateral
Unilateral
What is the age category of Legg-Calve Perthes DIease
3 - 13 months
Legg-Calve Perthes Disease will peak at
7 months of age
Clinical signs of Legg - calve - Perthes disease
Pain, decreased or no weight bearing, inability to jump, sitting improperly
Pathophysiology of Legg - Calve - Perthes
Loss of blood supply to the dorsal area of the proximal femoral epiphysis , tissue becomes necrotic, bone collapses
Surgical Treatment of LCPD
Excision of femoral head and neck
