16 - Musculoskeletal Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

Primary bony neoplasia

A

Neoplasia arising directly from the bone

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2
Q

Secondary bony neoplasia

A

Spread from an adjacent site

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3
Q

Monostrotic

A

Lesion affecting a single bone

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4
Q

Polystotic

A

Lesion affecting more than one bone

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5
Q

Diagnostics of skeletal neoplasia

A

CBC, serum, urinalysis

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6
Q

Cytology for neoplasia requires

A

Heavy sedation

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7
Q

Best to sample cytology where

A

Closer to center of lesion

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8
Q

Accuracy of cytology

A

70%

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9
Q

Tools needed for biopsy

A

Jamshidi and Michele trephine

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10
Q

Risk of biopsy

A

Pathological fracture, non diagnostic sample

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11
Q

Accuracy of biopsy

A

80 - 90%

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12
Q

Thoracic CT for lesion

A

1 mm

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13
Q

Thoracic radiographs for lesion s

A

7 - 9 mm in size

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14
Q

Most common primary bone neoplasma

A

Osteosarcoma

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15
Q

Osteosarcoma primarily affects

A

Appendicular skeletal

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16
Q

Two types of osteosarcoma

A

Endosteal, periosteal, parosteal

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17
Q

Endostteal

A

Most common form arises from medullary cavity

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18
Q

Periosteal

A

Can invade into medically cavity from periphery and cause bony lysis and reactive bone formation

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19
Q

Parosteal

A

Arises from periosteum, forms an expansive mass that surrounds but does not invade cortical bone

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20
Q

Least aggresive osteosarcoma

A

Parosteal

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21
Q

Common locations of osteosarcoma

A

Distal radius, distal femur, proximal tibia, proximal humerus

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22
Q

Radiograph of osteosarcoma

A

Cortical lysis, periosteal reaction, extension of osteogenesis into adjacent soft tissues, loss of trabecular pattern in metaphyseal bone

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23
Q

Gross metastasis at time of initial presentation :

A

15%

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24
Q

Where does osteosarcoma like to metastasis

A

Lungs , bones, lymph nodes

25
Q

Prognostic indicators of osteosarcoma

A

Age, body weight, metastasis?, elevated ALP

26
Q

Elevated ALP indicated of

A

Tumor burden if elevated within 40 day sof treatment

27
Q

Surgery of osteosarcoma

A

Amputation, fracture repair of pathological fracture, partial amputation

28
Q

Radiation therapy treatment for osteosarcoma

A

Stereotactic radio surgery, palpitations RT

29
Q

Stereotactic radio surgery

A

Single, large targeted dose of radiation

30
Q

Palliative RT

A

Reduces pain/inflammation to improve quality of life for dogs that cannot undergo amputation

31
Q

Chemotherapy often in conduct with

A

Amputation to increase survival time

32
Q

Chemotherapy drugs

A

Doxorubicin, Cisplatin

33
Q

Conservative managements

A

Analgesia and biphosphonates

34
Q

Ideal treatment

A

Amputation and chemo

35
Q

Bisphosphoates

A

Helps decrease bones resoprion

36
Q

Amputation ST

37
Q

Amputation w chemo ST

38
Q

RT alone ST

39
Q

Conservative management ST

40
Q

Osteosarcoma in cats of what age

A

8 - 10 year

41
Q

Treatment for cats with osteosarcoma

A

Amputation

42
Q

Second most commone appendicular neoplasma

A

Chondrosarcoma

43
Q

Chondrosarcoma lower

A

Metastatic rate

44
Q

Chondrosarcoma often found in what skeleton

A

Axial skeleton

45
Q

How do you treat chondosarcoma

A

Amputation treatment of choice

46
Q

Prognostic factors condorosarcoma

A

Better if skull or appendicular

47
Q

MST of Chondrosarcoma amputation

48
Q

Secondary bone neoplasia sites commonly affected

A

Humerus, femur and vertebrae

49
Q

Secondary bone neoplasia

A

Mammary, prostatic, pulmonary, hepatic, hemangiosarcoma, osteosarcoma

50
Q

Joint neoplasia common sites

A

Elbow and stifle

51
Q

Synovial cell sarcoma common sites

A

Elbow and stifle

52
Q

Synovial histocytic sarcoma common sites

A

Stifle - secondary to chronic inflammation

53
Q

Look alike neoplasia

A

Fungal ( blasto), Osteomyelitits, Bone cysts , RUIN

54
Q

Osteomyelitis characterized by

A

More evident region of demarcation between normal and abnormal bone

55
Q

Bone crust seen in

A

Younger dogs, uncommon, DX with bone biopsy

56
Q

RUIN

A

Radioulnar ischemic necrosis

57
Q

RUIN is

A

Permeating destruction of bone which extends to the interosseous ligament region to the radius and ulna