7 Health, Fitness and wellbeing Flashcards
why do we need a balanced diet
A balanced diet contains lots of different types of food to provide the suitable nutrients, vitamins and minerals required
reasons:
maintains good health and prevents disease
unused energy is stored as fat, which could cause obesity (particularly saturated fat)
suitable energy can be available for activity
the body needs nutrients for energy, growth and hydration.
what is the role of carbohydrates
main and preferred energy source for all types of exercise, of all intensities
what is the role of fat
is an energy source. It provides more energy than carbohydrates but only at low intensity
what is the role of protein
for growth and repair of muscle tissue
what is the role of vitamins and minerals
for maintaining the efficient working of the body systems and general health
what %s should the diet be made up of
55–60% carbohydrate, 25–30% fat, 15–20% protein
dehydration definition
excessive loss of body water that interrupts the function of the body
what does dehydration result in
blood thickening (increased viscosity), which slows blood flow
increases in heart rate/heart has to work harder/irregular heart rate (rhythm)
increase in body temperature/overheat
slowing of reactions/increased reaction time/poorer decisions
muscle fatigue/cramps.
how to prevent dehydration
water balance (hydration)
obesity definition
someone with a large content of fat in their body
obesity is caused by an imbalance in the number of calories consumed to used
how can obesity affect performance in physical activity and sport
limits stamina/cardiovascular endurance
limits flexibility
limits agility
limits speed/power
what physical health problems can obesity cause
cancer
heart disease/heart attacks
diabetes
high cholesterol
what mental health problems can obesity cause
depression
loss of confidence
what social health problems can obesity cause
inability to socialise
inability to leave home
physical health benefits to exercise
improved heart function
improved efficiency of body systems
reduced risk of some illness
ability to do everyday tasks
avoids obesity
