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pharma A.DAM > 7. Cholinomimetics > Flashcards

7. Cholinomimetics Flashcards

1
Q

Direct acting

A

Choline esters
Alkaloids
SYNTHETIC COMPOUNDS (Muscarinic)
SYNTHETIC COMPOUNDS (Nicotinic)

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2
Q

INDIRECT ACTING

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors
Alcohols
Carbamates
Organophosphates

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3
Q

Choline esters

A

acetylcholine (ACh)
Methacholine
Carbachol
Bethanechol

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4
Q

Alkaloids

A

Muscarine
Pilocarpine
Nicotine
Arecoline

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5
Q

SYNTHETIC COMPOUNDS (Muscarinic)

A

Cevimeline

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6
Q

SYNTHETIC COMPOUNDS (Nicotinic)

A

Varenicline

Suxamethonium / Succinylcholine

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7
Q

Alcohols

A

Reversible, competitive

Edrophonium
Donepezil
Galantamine
Tacrine

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8
Q

Carbamates

A

Non-competitive

  Physostigmine 
  Rivastigmine 
  Neostigmine 
  Pyridostigmine 
  Ambenonium 
  Demecarium
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9
Q

Organophosphates

A

Echothiophate
War gases (nerve agents)
Insecticides

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10
Q

acetylcholine (ACh)

A

N / M receptor
Miosis
rapidly inactivated

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11
Q

Methacholine

A 
M receptor   
Challenge test (asthma)
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12
Q

Carbachol

A

N / M receptor
Ophthalmology
resistance to hydrolysis
high potency -> rarely used

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13
Q

Bethanechol

A

M receptor
bladder atony / mega colon
resistance to hydrolysis

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14
Q

Muscarine

A

Quaternary amine

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15
Q

Pilocarpine

A

M receptor
Sjogren’s / glaucoma
Tertiary amine
stable to hydrolysis

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16
Q

Nicotine

A

N receptor
tertiary amine
smoking cessation / poison

17
Q

Cevimeline

A

M receptor

Sjogren’s

18
Q

Varenicline

A

N (Neuronal) receptor
smoking cessation
May cause depression

19
Q

Suxamethonium / Succinylcholine

A

NM
depolarizing muscle relaxant
Quaternary amine

20
Q

Edrophonium

A

quaternary
Short duration
diagnosis of MG (tensilon test)
(excess drug -> Cholinergic crisis)

21
Q

Donepezil

A

Lipid soluble
Alzheimer’s disease
long acting (58-90 hr)

22
Q

Galantamine

A

Lipid soluble
Alzheimer’s disease
DOA 5-7 hr

23
Q

Physostigmine

A

Tertiary
DOA 0.5-2 hr
Bladder atony / antidote against anticholinergic
convulsions

24
Q

Rivastigmine

A

Lipid soluble
DOA 9 hr
Alzheimer’s disease or dementia

25
Q

Neostigmine

A

Quaternary
Bladder + GI stimulator / MG
DOA 0.5-2 hr

26
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Quaternary
Chronic treatment of MG
DOA 3-6 hr

27
Q

Echothiophate

28
Q

Pralidoxime

A

used against organophospate
nucleophile agent
splits P-O bond before aging

29
Q

Types of Cholinomimetics

A

Direct & indirect acting

30
Q

War gases

A

Tabun

Soman

31
Q

Insecticides

A

Parathion

Malathion

pharma A.DAM (9 decks)

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