Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mercy CLS 4: Blood Bank > 7. ABID & problem resolution > Flashcards

7. ABID & problem resolution Flashcards

1
Q

Antigens represented on screening cells

A

D, C, E, e, c
M, N, S, s
P1
Lu a/b
K, k
Fy a/b
Jk a/b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

advantages of ABS (3)

A

advance warning of XM problems
time to find compatible blood before critical point
clarify problems in ABO/Rh testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

limitations of ABS (3)

A

only 2-3 cells
some antigens not homozygous
some antigens not represented at all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ABS+ may indicate… (3)

A

alloAb
autoAb
anomaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

used to rule out autoAb

A

autocontrol
DAT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Autocontrol + at IS (2)

A

cold autoAb
rouleaux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Autocontrol + at AHG (2)

A

warm autoAb
trxn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

examples of anomalies (5)

A

rouleaux
fibrin
wharton’s jelly
imperfections in surface of tube
Ab to test component (PEG, gel, dye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when is DAT performed? (4)

A

after trxn
after HDFN
after ABS+
Dr orders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what happens after ABS+? (2)

A

ABID panel
DAT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

very first procedures after getting ABS+ (2)

A

call floor to let them know there will be a delay
obtain pt hx (transfusion, dx, medications, pregnancy hx, age)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ABID STEPS (7)

A
  1. rule-outs
  2. decide possibles
  3. decide probables
  4. use Fisher’s exact test to confirm probables
  5. eliminate other possibles
  6. perform Ag typing on pt cells
  7. XM units negative for clinically significant Ab
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

factors used to determine probables (4)

A
  • pattern of reactivity
  • phase/temp
  • dosage
  • enzyme treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IS/cold Abs (4)

A

Lewis
MN
P1
Lua

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

AHG/warm Abs (6)

A

Rh
Kell
Fy
Jk
SsU
Lub

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Marked dosage (4)

A

MNS
Jk
Fy
some Rh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

No dosage (5)

A

D
Kell
Lutheran
P1
Lewis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Destroyed by enzymes (2)

A

MN
Duffy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Enhanced by enzymes (4)

A

Rh
Jk
P1
Lewis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Enzymes have no effect (2)

A

Kell
SsU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

probables must have ——– to ensure results are not due to chance

A

p-value ≤ 0.05

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Fisher’s exact test

A

3 positives
3 negatives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how to select cells to eliminate possibles

A

negative for probables
homozygous for possible
OR 3 heterozygous for possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

never ruled out heterozygously

A

Kidd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

can resolve ABID problems using —- or —- to denature IgM

A

DTT
2-ME

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

↑ anti-M

A

acidify plasma

27
Q

neutralization can help in ABID of…

A

Lewis
P1
Sda (urine)

28
Q

used to resolve interfering known antibodies in ABID

A

auto or allogeneic adsorption techniques

29
Q

Ag typing ensures…

A

consistency of ABID results

30
Q

+ control in Ag typing should be…
why?

A

heterozygous
ensures that the test detects the weakest potential expression of antigen

31
Q

QC is run how often for Ag typing?

A

every day of testing

32
Q

how to select # of units to screen

A

units needed / proportion compatible

33
Q

most discrepancies result from ——–
why we need…

A

tech error

well-written, meticulously followed testing procedures

34
Q

first attempt at resolving a discrepancy problem

A

repeat testing with washed cells

35
Q

often a clue to expect rouleaux

A

multiple myeloma

36
Q

eliminate fibrin (2)

A

dissolves at 37°
dissolved by protamine sulfate

37
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma

A

decreases antigen expression

38
Q

eliminate high titer A or B substance in serum

A

wash
test saliva

39
Q

increases reactivity of ABO abs

A

RT incubation

40
Q

2 lectins used to ID subgroups

A

A1 lectin —reacts with A1 cells
H lectin —helps detect bombay

41
Q

anti——– may help get a stronger forward rxn with subgroups

A

anti-A,B

42
Q

causes of unexpected forward type results (5)

A
  • cold autoAb or alloAb
  • Ab to dyes
  • Acquired B antigen
  • rouleaux or wharton’s jelly
  • transfusion/transplantation
43
Q

resolve cold Ab giving discrepant forward results (2)

A

warm saline wash
DTT (denatures IgM)

44
Q

resolve Ab to dyes giving discrepant forward results

A

wash

45
Q

resolve acquired B antigen giving discrepant forward results (2)

A

repeat with monoclonal, acidified anti-B
autocontrol —anti-B in reverse type does not react

46
Q

explain acquired B

A

caused by GI disturbance (malignancy, obstruction, GN septicemia)
N-acetylgalactosamine is cleaved to give galactosamine
mistaken for D-galactose by some reagents

47
Q

resolve wharton’s jelly

A

wash 4x

48
Q

what do you do after getting an MF rxn?

A

pt hx check

49
Q

causes of unexpected reverse type results (7)

A

Patient
- Age, young or old
- Immcomp disease states
- Transfusion

Test system
- AutoAb or alloAb
- ABO subgroup
- Prozone
- Rouleaux

50
Q

resolve low Ab titer (age) giving discrepant reverse results (4)

A

incubate RT 15-30 mins
incubate 4° 15-30 mins

add O plasma to system as control
if forward type is O, add anti-A,B

51
Q

resolve ABO subgroups giving discrepant reverse results

A

test with 3 A1 and 3 A2 cells

52
Q

3 A1 and 3 A2 all + means…

A

acquired anti-A via transfusion

53
Q

interferes with testing after transfusion

A

CD47

54
Q

resolve prozoning giving discrepant reverse results

A

dilute serum

55
Q

resolve auto/allo Ab giving discrepant reverse results (3)

A

cold autoadsorption
prewarm technique
ABID; retest with segments of units = for antigen

56
Q

causes of Rh false negatives (5)

A
  • incorrect reagent/forgot reagent
  • reading error
  • heavy cell suspension
  • undercentrifugation
  • CML (interferes with Rh)
57
Q

causes of Rh false positives (5)

A
  • DAT+ (autoAb)
  • rouleaux
  • polyagglutination
  • incorrect reagent
  • overcentrifugation
58
Q

EGA

A

EDTA glycine acid

59
Q

EGA purpose

A

dissociates bound Ab from cells, leaving cells intact
inactivates Kell
used to get accurate weak-D when DAT+

60
Q

A2 discrepant test results (2)

A

anti-H 2+
A1 reverse 0-2+

61
Q

A3 discrepant test results (4)

A

anti-A: 2+mf
anti-A,B: 2+mf
anti-H: 3+
A1 reverse: 0-2+

62
Q

Ax discrepant test results (5)

A

anti-A: +/=
anti-A,B: 1-2+
anti-H: 4+
A1 reverse: 0-2+

no A substance in saliva

63
Q

B3 discrepant test results (3)

A

anti-B: 1+mf
anti-A,B: 2+
anti-H: 4+

64
Q

Bx discrepant test results (4)

A

anti-B: +/=
anti-A,B: 0-2+
anti-H: 4+

no B substance in saliva

Mercy CLS 4: Blood Bank (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions