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Mercy CLS 4: Blood Bank > 2. Basic techniques and prinicples > Flashcards

2. Basic techniques and prinicples Flashcards

1
Q

1667

A

first recorded animal to human blood transfusion by Jean-Baptiste Denis

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2
Q

1818

A

first human to human blood transfusion by James Blundell

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3
Q

1900

A

ABO system was identified by Karl Landsteiner

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4
Q

1908

A

Reuben Ottenburg first described the use of the crossmatch

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5
Q

1910

A

William Moss wrote first procedures for BB testing

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6
Q

1941

A

Charles Drew helped establish National Blood Donor Service (WWII)

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7
Q

AABB publishes…

A

Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services

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8
Q

rules for reading tubes (6)

A

Standardized light and mirror (optical aid)
Remove no more than 3 tubes at a time
Observe for hemolysis before shaking (clear red background)
Shake tubes to create “swirling” action
Grade when cell button is completely resuspended/breaks off
Reaction grades ≠ interpretations

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9
Q

M+

A

microscopic agglutination

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10
Q

2+mf

A

mixed field agglutination

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11
Q

principle of DAT

A

Detection of in vivo sensitization of RBCs with IgG and/or complement

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12
Q

Part of HTR, HDFN and AIHA investigation

A

DAT

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13
Q

DAT procedure

A

Patient cells are washed, treated with polyspecific AHG, and spun

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14
Q

if DAT is +…

A

perform a monospecific DAT to determine if cells are sensitized with IgG or complement

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15
Q

requires QC with checkcells

A

any procedure involving AHG
(DAT)

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16
Q

principle of IAT

A

Detection of in vitro sensitization of RBCs with IgG

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17
Q

Part of ABS (antibody screen), XSM (crossmatch), Ag typing, and titering

A

IAT

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18
Q

with PEG in IAT, you must use…

A

anti-IgG AHG

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19
Q

IAT procedure

A

Patient plasma is added to screen cells I, II and III and incubated at 37° for 15 minutes

then washed, treated with AHG

20
Q

AGT false positives (8)

A

Improper specimen
Autoagglutinable cells
Polyagglutinable cells
Bacterial contamination
Overcentrifugation
Overreading
Preservative-dependant Ab
DAT + cells used for IAT (will always be +)

21
Q

AGT false negatives (7)

A

Inadequate washing
AHG reagent or serum not added
AHG reagent deteriorated
Inadequate incubation
Weak or heavy cell suspension
Under or overcentrifugation
Poor reading technique

22
Q

method of choice for ID of Ab after DAT+

A

acid elution

23
Q

acid elution procedure

A

Ab-sensitized RBC in vivo + eluting solution (mix/spin) →

free Ab in acidic supernatant + buffering solution (mix/spin) →

free Ab in neutral supernatant

24
Q

ensures that Ab in acid elution is from RBC and not free Ab

A

test with 4th washing

25
Q

used for forward ABO typing

A

Anti-A
Anti-B

26
Q

used for Rh typing

A

Anti-D

27
Q

Checks for auto/polyagglutinable cells after A+/B+ result

A

monoclonal control

28
Q

used for reverse ABO typing

A

A1 and B cells

29
Q

used for detecting unexpected Ab

A

screen cells (I, II, III)

30
Q

used to detect IgG-sensitized RBCs

A

AHG

31
Q

pretransfusion tests (6)

A

Type & screen
Crossmatch
DAT
Elution
Ab panel
Ag typing

32
Q

informational tests (5)

A

ABO/Rh type
Prenatal screen & type
Cord blood testing
DAT only
Ab titer

33
Q

clinically significant BG systems (7)

A

ABO
Rh
Duffy
Kell
Kidd
Ss
Lub

34
Q

clinically insignificant BG systems (4)

A

MN
Lewis
Lua
P1

35
Q

antithetical alleles

A

antigens represent different forms of a gene produced from the same locus

36
Q

6-digit number assigned to each BG antigen

A

ISBT notation

37
Q

carbohydrate based BG (5)

A

ABO, Lewis, P, Ii, MNS

38
Q

protein based BG (4)

A

Rh, Kidd, Duffy, Lutheran

39
Q

both carbohydrate and protein BG

A

Kell

40
Q

BG enhanced by proteolytic enzymes (6)

A

Rh, Kidd, Lewis, P, Fy:3, Ii

41
Q

BG destroyed by proteolytic enzymes (2)

A

Duffy, MN

42
Q

BG unaffected by proteolytic enzymes (3)

A

Kell, SsU, Lutheran

43
Q

IgM BGs (5)

A

ABO, Lewis, P1, Mn, Lua

44
Q

IgG BGs (6)

A

Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, SsU, Lub

45
Q

BG usually able to bind complement (3)

A

ABO, Kidd, Lewis

46
Q

BG that rarely bind complement (5)

A

Duffy, P1, Ss, Lutheran, Kell

47
Q

BG that usually don’t bind complement (1)

A

Rh

Mercy CLS 4: Blood Bank (13 decks)

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