7-4. Appendicular skeleton - lower, and male vs female skeleton

Question 1

pelvic girdle

Answer 1

hip; attaches the lower limbs to axial skeleton

Question 2

coxal bones

Answer 2

hip bones - 1 each side. consists of three separate bones during childhood, which are fused in adults

Question 3

The coxal bones unite anteriorly at the ___ and articulate posteriorly with the ___.

Answer 3

pubic symphasis; sacrum

Question 4

What are the coxal regions?

Answer 4

ilium
ischium
pubis

Question 5

ilium

Answer 5

largest, superior part of coxal bone. Articulates posteriorly with sacrum forming the sacroiliac joint

Question 6

Ischium

Answer 6

posterior and inferior part of coxal bone; when sitting, weight is borne by rough inferior surface called the ischial tuberosity

Question 7

pubis

Answer 7

anterior part of coxal bone, where the 2 coxal bones join at the pubic symphasis

Question 8

bony pelvis

Answer 8

basinlike structure formed by coxal bones, sacrum and coccyx; houses the reproductive organs, bladder and rectum

Question 9

acetabulum

Answer 9

deep lateral fossa where the three bones fuse, socket for the head of the femur (“hip joint”)

Question 10

lower limb

Answer 10

30 bones in each

Question 11

femur

Answer 11

thigh bone - largest, longest, strongest bone in body

Question 12

The head (proximal end) of the femur articulates with the ____ of the ___ bone, and the distal end articules with the ____.

Answer 12

acetabulum; coxal; tibia

Question 13

patella

Answer 13

small, triangular bone that protects the knee joint anteriorly. It’s a sesamoid bone (short bone that forms in a tendon - patella is the largest)

Question 14

tibia

Answer 14

larger, medial bone of the lower leg (2nd in size)

Question 15

The tibia articulates proximally with the ___ and distally with the ___.

Answer 15

femur and fibula; fibula and 1 tarsal

Question 16

medial malleolus

Answer 16

bump on medial surface of distal end of tibia (inner bulge of ankle)

Question 17

fibula

Answer 17

thin, long bone lying lateral and parallel to tibia; not part of knee joint; helps stablize ankle.

Question 18

The fibula articulates proximally and distally with the ___, and also distally with the ___.

Answer 18

tibia; talus

Question 19

lateral malleolus

Answer 19

distal end of fibula; conspicous lateral ankle bulge that articulates with the talus

Question 20

Pott’s fracture

Answer 20

distal end of the fibula (“broken ankle”)

Question 21

foot bones

Answer 21

each food contains 26 bones in three groups

Question 22

tarsals

Answer 22

7 short bone sof the ankle

Question 23

talus

Answer 23

only tarsal to articulate with the leg bones - initially bears the entire weight of the body when you stand

Question 24

calcaneus

Answer 24

heel bone - largest tarsal

Question 25

metatarsals

Answer 25

5 long bones of the sole of the foot; enlarged distal end of 1st forms ball of the foot

Question 26

phalanges

Answer 26

14 long bones in the toes - 4 in hallux, 3 in others

Question 27

Male bones are generally ____ than female bones

Answer 27

larger and heavier

Question 28

The ______ are more prominant in a male

Answer 28

points of attachment for muscles

Question 29

The pubic arch is ___ in females but ___ in males

Answer 29

broad (90 degrees); narrow (50-60 degrees)

Question 30

The male sacrum is ___; the female is ___

Answer 30

long and narrow; wider and shorter

Question 31

The ____ and ____ are larger in females (for the passage of baby) than males

Answer 31

pelvic inlet (superior margin of pelvis) and pelvic outlet (inferior margin of pelvis)

Question 32

The ____ are smaller and farther apart in females

Answer 32

acetabula

Question 33

The coccyx is ____ in males

Answer 33

less moveable and curved inward