6th Grade Science Test 5

Question 1

Earthquakes sometimes cause monstrous waves called

Answer 1

tsunamis

Question 2

a break that appears at the boundary between two moving masses of rock

Answer 2

fault

Question 3

the point underground where an earthquake begins

Answer 3

focus

Question 4

the place at ground level that is directly above the focus of an earthquake

Answer 4

epicenter

Question 5

any trembling or shaking of the earth’s crust

Answer 5

earthquake

Question 6

the strength of an earthquake is called

Answer 6

magnitude

Question 7

occurs when natural acids slowly eat into a rock, breaking it apart

Answer 7

chemical weathering

Question 8

the temperature of rocks increases / decreases with depth

Answer 8

increases

Question 9

created when trapped gases blast through the earth’s surface

Answer 9

vent

Question 10

allows molten rock and hot gases to escape from within the earth

Answer 10

volcano

Question 11

scientists who study the structure of the earth

Answer 11

geologists

Question 12

the process by which new soil is formed as rocks crumble and break into smaller pieces

Answer 12

weathering

Question 13

the boundary between the earth’s crust and its mantle

Answer 13

Moho discontinuity

Question 14

the underwater mountain ranges

Answer 14

mid-oceanic ridges

Question 15

the study of earthquakes

Answer 15

seismology

Question 16

a volcano that has been active at some time in recorded history, but has not had a recent eruption

Answer 16

dormant

Question 17

a volcano that produces lava fountains or fire curtains

Answer 17

Hawaiian

Question 18

a volcano characterized by hot clouds of gas and dust that it expels

Answer 18

Plinian

Question 19

a volcano that has erupted recently

Answer 19

active

Question 20

a volcano that has not erupted in recorded history

Answer 20

extinct

Question 21

magma that has reached the earth’s surface

Answer 21

lava

Question 22

the area running along the edge of the Pacific Ocean named for its many volcanoes

Answer 22

Ring of Fire

Question 23

a depression found at the top of a volcano

Answer 23

crater

Question 24

holes or cracks which serve as escape vents for underground gases

Answer 24

fumaroles

Question 25

smaller fragments of molten rock that solidify almost instantly

Answer 25

tephra

Question 26

Be able to identify these types of volcanoes by pictures and facts.

Answer 26

shield volcano
cinder cone volcano
composite volcano

Question 27

Describe the three main sections of the earth in complete sentences.

Answer 27

The crust is the outermost layer of the earth. It is quite thin compared to the other layers.
The mantle, the middle layer of the earth, makes up the largest portion of the earth’s interior; it is made of solid rock.
The core is the innermost region of the earth. It is divided into two sections–the (liquid) outer core and the (solid) inner core, which are made up of metals rather than rock.