6E: Malfunctions of Homeostasis Flashcards
- What are the key differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. - What is hypoglycemia and what impact does this condition have in both the long and short term? What is hyperthyroidism and what impact does this condition have in both the long and short term?
Type 1 diabeties
Can be born with (autoimmune), body attacks itseld
Body attacks itself via
islet of langerhans–>beta cells+alpha cells+blood vessels (normal islet)–>beta cells destroyed (type 1 diabetes)–>no insulin–>brings blood glucose down
Type 2 diabeties
Can get unlike type 1 where you can be born with it, less insulin is released and therefore cells are less responsive, not autoimmune, cells are less responsive to insulin–>less glucose being stored and/or used, increase of insulin produced by beta cells–>increased blood glucose
Management of type 1 diabeties
insulin shot (as it is not produced by the body)–> given 15min before a meal
Hypoglycemia is very dangerous because
the body is not able to function without enough glucose as it will not have enough energy to function
Luus is
a disease that occurs when your body’s immune system attacks your own tissues and organs
Hyperglycemia
increased blood sugar (blood glucose) for an extended period of time, damages cells in the body
Hyperglycemia can result in
diabetic neuropathy (nerves being damaged), diabetic Retinopathy (eye/retina damage)
Diabetic Neuropathy
blood vessels surround nerve –> blood vessels become diseased –> damaged nerves –> reduced blood flow –> ulcers?
Diabetic Retinopathy
)healthy blood vessels (normal eye)–>tiny blood vessels lead fluid into the retina (eye with retinopathy
Hyperthyroidism
)is when the thyroid gland (hormone secreting gland) produces to much hormone
)e.g. graves disease (autoimune condition)
)symptoms: increased metabolism, mostly everything is increased
The three types of diabetes are
Type 1 (individuals are born with it (body attacks its own beta cells and beta cells cannot produce enough insulin, insulin is usually taken in a injection/shot for these people), Type 2 (beta cells don’t produce enough insuline due to the restriction of the beta cells by the own persons fault), distational (in pregnant women)
