6C heuristics

Question 1

heuristics

Answer 1

information processing strategies or mental shortcuts that enable individuals to form judgments, make decisions ad solve problems quickly and easily

Question 2

positive influences of heuristics

Answer 2

• saves time making decisions
• lead to efficient problem solving
• can be adaptive (better safe than sorry)

Question 3

negative influences of heuristics

Answer 3

• lead to rushing decisions and making errors

Question 4

base rate fallacy

Answer 4

type of bias
decisions, social perceptions and judgments are influenced more by vivid memories and experiences than statistical fact

Question 5

anchoring heuristic

Answer 5

(adjustment)
information processing strategy
forming judgments based on the first information
— received about an idea or concept

Question 6

anchoring heuristic effects

Answer 6

• influenced by the information that we saw first
• initial information can influence how someone will solve problem

Question 7

availability heuristic

Answer 7

information processing strategy
individuals to form judgement solve problem, make decision based on:

information that is easily accessible

Question 8

availability heuristic effects

Answer 8

• based on past experience
• eg. watching shark attack movies and then going to the beach nervous
• rely on previous knowledge and then disregard other information that could lead to something else

Question 9

Representative heuristic

Answer 9

information processing strategy
making CATEGORICAL judgment about idea, event or person based on

similarity to other items in that category

Question 10

Representative heuristic effects

Answer 10

• stereotyping
• certain person or thing into particular context based on similarity of other items in category
• eg. expensive = good quality
• looks = meaning

Question 11

Affect heuristic

Answer 11

information processing strategy involving

using emotions to make judgment or decision

Question 12

Affect heuristic effects

Answer 12

• used in advertising
• donating to something with a strong emotional response
• eg. uneasy about a certain political candidate, therefore you do not vote for them

Question 13

social identity theory

Answer 13

tendecy for people to favour thier in group over an out group
—- IN ORDER TO enhance their sense of self esteem

Question 14

social loafing

Answer 14

individuals reduction in effort when work is performed in a group as compared to individually, due to the belief that others will put in the effort

Question 15

culture

Answer 15

the customs, beavhiours, and values of a particular group in society

Question 16

Individualist culture

Answer 16

a culture that prioritises the needs and goals of individuals
– values independence

Question 17

Collectivist culture

Answer 17

culture that prioritises the needs and goals of groups