6.5 stem cells

Question 1

Stem cells

Answer 1

undifferentiated cells that are not adapted to any particular function yet
–> they can undergo cell division multiple times since they are the source of growth & tissue repair

Question 2

Stem cell potency

Answer 2

The ability for a stem cell to differentiate into different cell types
–> greater number of cell types= greater potency

Question 3

Totipotent

Answer 3

can differentiate into any type of cell e.g zygote
–> can also differentiate into extra-embryonic tissues

Question 4

Pluripotent

Answer 4

stem cells can form all tissue types but not whole organisms (present in early embryos and origin of different tissue types within an organism)

Question 5

Multipotent

Answer 5

can only form a range of cells within. a certain type of tissue

Question 6

Sources of animal stem cells

Answer 6

embryonic stem cells
tissue(adult) stem cells

Question 7

Embryonic stem cells

Answer 7

cell present at very early stage of embryo development (totipotent)
–> 7 days later, blastocyst forms and cell are now pluripotent

Question 8

Tissue (adult) stem cells

Answer 8

present throughout life from birth
–> found in specific areas like bone marrow and are multipotent

Question 8

Tissue (adult) stem cells

Answer 8

present throughout life from birth
–> found in specific areas like bone marrow and are multipotent

Question 9

Sources of plant stem cells

Answer 9

meristematic tissue (meristems)
–> tissue is found wherever growth is occurring e.g. tips of roots and shoots
–> found between xylem and phloem tissue (vascular cambium)

Question 10

Stem cell current uses

Answer 10

treatment of burns (new skin for patients can be produced)

Drug trials (potential new drugs can be tested on culture of stem cells)

Development biology

Question 11

Stem cell current uses

Answer 11

treatment of burns (new skin for patients can be produced)

Drug trials (potential new drugs can be tested on culture of stem cells)

Development biology