2.6 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Question 1

DNA in eukaryotic vs prokaryotic

Answer 1

Prokaryotic -DNA free in cytoplasm, DNA is circular, organised by proteins folding and condensing DNA.

Eukaryotic - DNA inside nucleus in form of chromosomes, DNA is Linear. Organised by DNA molecules associating with histones to form chromatin, which is condensed to form chromosomes.

Question 2

Nucleus in eukaryotic vs prokaryotic

Answer 2

Prokaryotic - no nucleus

Eukaryotic - nucleus present

Question 3

ribosomes in eukaryotic vs prokaryotic

Answer 3

Prokaryotic - smaller, 70S

Eukaryotic - larger, 80S

Question 4

Cell wall in eukaryotic vs prokaryotic

Answer 4

Prokaryotic - peptidoglycan (murein)

Eukaryotic - chitin in fungi, cellulose in plants

Question 5

Cytoskeleton in eukaryotic vs prokaryotic

Answer 5

Prokaryotic - present but basic

Eukaryotic - present, more complex (microfilaments, microtubules, & intermediate fibres)

Question 6

Flagella structure

Answer 6

thinner in prokaryotes with no 9+2 arrangement

– attached to cell membrane by a basal body & rotated by a molecular motor

Question 7

Where does flagella get its energy from?

Answer 7

–> energy to rotate filament that forms flagellum is supplied from chemiosmosis (NOT ATP)

Question 8

organelles in eukaryotic vs prokaryotic

Answer 8

prokaryotic: non-membrane bound

eukaryotic: both membrane-bound and non-membrane bound

Question 9

reproduction in eukaryotic vs prokaryotic

Answer 9

prokaryotic: binary fission

eukaryotic: asexual /sexual reproduction