6.5: Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies Flashcards
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks)
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks)
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
Third AO3 PEEL paragraph
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients.
This is due to the fact that
This is due to the fact that CBT helps by allowing patients to make sense of and in some cases challenge some of their symptoms; Family therapy helps by reducing the stress of living with schizophrenia in a family, both for the patient themselves and other family members; Token economies help by making patients’ behaviour more socially acceptable, so that they can better re-integrate into society
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients.
This is due to the fact that CBT helps by allowing patients to make sense of and in some cases challenge some of their symptoms; Family therapy helps by reducing the stress of living with schizophrenia in a family, both for the patient themselves and other family members; Token economies help by making patients’ behaviour more socially acceptable, so that they can better re-integrate into society.
These are all
These are all worth doing, but should not be confused with curing schizophrenia
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients.
This is due to the fact that CBT helps by allowing patients to make sense of and in some cases challenge some of their symptoms; Family therapy helps by reducing the stress of living with schizophrenia in a family, both for the patient themselves and other family members; Token economies help by making patients’ behaviour more socially acceptable, so that they can better re-integrate into society.
These are all worth doing, but should not be confused with curing schizophrenia.
This failure to cure schizophrenia
This failure to cure schizophrenia is thus a weakness of psychological treatments, such as CBT, family therapy and token economies
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients.
This is due to the fact that CBT helps by allowing patients to make sense of and in some cases challenge some of their symptoms; Family therapy helps by reducing the stress of living with schizophrenia in a family, both for the patient themselves and other family members; Token economies help by making patients’ behaviour more socially acceptable, so that they can better re-integrate into society.
These are all worth doing, but should not be confused with curing schizophrenia.
This failure to cure schizophrenia is thus a weakness of psychological treatments, such as CBT, family therapy and token economies.
Biological treatments
Biological treatments do not cure schizophrenia either, but they do reduce the severity of some symptoms
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients.
This is due to the fact that CBT helps by allowing patients to make sense of and in some cases challenge some of their symptoms; Family therapy helps by reducing the stress of living with schizophrenia in a family, both for the patient themselves and other family members; Token economies help by making patients’ behaviour more socially acceptable, so that they can better re-integrate into society.
These are all worth doing, but should not be confused with curing schizophrenia.
This failure to cure schizophrenia is thus a weakness of psychological treatments, such as CBT, family therapy and token economies.
Biological treatments do not cure schizophrenia either, but they do reduce the severity of some symptoms.
Fourth AO3 PEEL paragraph
The fourth AO3 PEEL paragraph is that Overall, there is only modest support for the effectiveness of psychological treatments and schizophrenia remains one of the harder mental health problems to treat
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients.
This is due to the fact that CBT helps by allowing patients to make sense of and in some cases challenge some of their symptoms; Family therapy helps by reducing the stress of living with schizophrenia in a family, both for the patient themselves and other family members; Token economies help by making patients’ behaviour more socially acceptable, so that they can better re-integrate into society.
These are all worth doing, but should not be confused with curing schizophrenia.
This failure to cure schizophrenia is thus a weakness of psychological treatments, such as CBT, family therapy and token economies.
Biological treatments do not cure schizophrenia either, but they do reduce the severity of some symptoms.
The fourth AO3 PEEL paragraph is that Overall, there is only modest support for the effectiveness of psychological treatments and schizophrenia remains one of the harder mental health problems to treat.
What is this?
This is a limitation of psychological treatments
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients.
This is due to the fact that CBT helps by allowing patients to make sense of and in some cases challenge some of their symptoms; Family therapy helps by reducing the stress of living with schizophrenia in a family, both for the patient themselves and other family members; Token economies help by making patients’ behaviour more socially acceptable, so that they can better re-integrate into society.
These are all worth doing, but should not be confused with curing schizophrenia.
This failure to cure schizophrenia is thus a weakness of psychological treatments, such as CBT, family therapy and token economies.
Biological treatments do not cure schizophrenia either, but they do reduce the severity of some symptoms.
The fourth AO3 PEEL paragraph is that Overall, there is only modest support for the effectiveness of psychological treatments and schizophrenia remains one of the harder mental health problems to treat.
This is a limitation of psychological treatments.
Therefore,
Therefore, biological treatments, such as antipsychotics, are better
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients.
This is due to the fact that CBT helps by allowing patients to make sense of and in some cases challenge some of their symptoms; Family therapy helps by reducing the stress of living with schizophrenia in a family, both for the patient themselves and other family members; Token economies help by making patients’ behaviour more socially acceptable, so that they can better re-integrate into society.
These are all worth doing, but should not be confused with curing schizophrenia.
This failure to cure schizophrenia is thus a weakness of psychological treatments, such as CBT, family therapy and token economies.
Biological treatments do not cure schizophrenia either, but they do reduce the severity of some symptoms.
The fourth AO3 PEEL paragraph is that Overall, there is only modest support for the effectiveness of psychological treatments and schizophrenia remains one of the harder mental health problems to treat.
This is a limitation of psychological treatments.
Therefore, biological treatments, such as antipsychotics, are better.
Why is this?
This is because CBT, family therapy and token economies are not treating the cause of schizophrenia, whereas drug therapies (typical and atypical antipsychotics) do, as all antipsychotics work by reducing dopaminergic transmission, which is reducing the actions of the neurotransmitter dopamine in areas of the brain associated with the symptoms of schizophrenia
‘Cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy and token economies are all used in the treatment and management of schizophrenia.’
Discuss the use of these methods.
Include comparisons with drug therapies in your answer (16 marks).
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a method for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques.
From the cognitive viewpoint, CBT aims to deal with thinking, such as challenging negative thoughts.
Patients can be helped to make sense of how their delusions and hallucinations impact on their feelings and behaviour.
The aim of CBT in general involves helping patients identify irrational thoughts and trying to change them.
Family therapy is a psychological therapy carried out with all or some members of a family with a schizophrenic individual, with the aim of improving the quality of their communication and reducing the stress of living as a family.
Family therapy aims to reduce high levels of expressed emotion (EE).
This is because families with high levels of criticism, hostility and over-involvement mean that schizophrenia patients have more frequent relapses.
Token economies are a form of behavioural therapy (reward systems), based on Skinnerian operant conditioning principles, where desirable behaviours are encouraged by the use of selective reinforcement.
For example, tokens that can later be exchanged for primary reinforcers - privileges such as favourite foods, cigarettes or watching television.
Token economies are used in the behavioural shaping and the behaviour management of patients with schizophrenia, in particular those who have developed patterns of maladaptive behaviour through spending long periods in psychiatric hospitals (institutionalised patients).
Two AO3 PEEL paragraphs for CBT, family therapy or token economies.
The third AO3 PEEL paragraph is that CBT, family therapy and token economies all aim to make schizophrenia more manageable and in some way improve the quality of life for patients.
This is due to the fact that CBT helps by allowing patients to make sense of and in some cases challenge some of their symptoms; Family therapy helps by reducing the stress of living with schizophrenia in a family, both for the patient themselves and other family members; Token economies help by making patients’ behaviour more socially acceptable, so that they can better re-integrate into society.
These are all worth doing, but should not be confused with curing schizophrenia.
This failure to cure schizophrenia is thus a weakness of psychological treatments, such as CBT, family therapy and token economies.
Biological treatments do not cure schizophrenia either, but they do reduce the severity of some symptoms.
The fourth AO3 PEEL paragraph is that Overall, there is only modest support for the effectiveness of psychological treatments and schizophrenia remains one of the harder mental health problems to treat.
This is a limitation of psychological treatments.
Therefore, biological treatments, such as antipsychotics, are better.
This is because CBT, family therapy and token economies are not treating the cause of schizophrenia, whereas drug therapies (typical and atypical antipsychotics) do, as all antipsychotics work by reducing dopaminergic transmission, which is reducing the actions of the neurotransmitter dopamine in areas of the brain associated with the symptoms of schizophrenia.
What does this show?
This shows that drug therapies are more effective in the treatment and management of schizophrenia than psychological therapies such as CBT, family therapy and token economies
