6.4 Settlement Favelas of Rio De Janeiro

Question 1

PACIFICATION: Who was Wilson Witzel?

Answer 1

63rd former state governor of Rio De janerio. Hi steam began in Jan 2019 and ended with his impeachment in April 2021

Question 2

What is the UPP

Answer 2

Police pacification Unit

Question 3

How many murders on average per day in Brazil in 2016?

Answer 3

168 per day

Question 4

what did Wilson Witzal introduce?

Answer 4

He introduced a stark shift towards militarised and indiscriminate targeting of Favelas which contributed to an increase in police killings

Question 5

Describe location of Favelas

Answer 5

Steep hillsides, especially to the north and west of the city
Risk of Landslides
High density of buildings
Cantagalo sits on a hillside overlooking beaches of Copacabana and Ipanema

Question 6

Problems in the favelas

Answer 6

Lack of basic services- electricity, sewers, waste collections
Poor quality self built housing
Unemployment and low incomes leading to poverty
Lack o access to education transport /healthcare and public transport
Lower life expectancy and higher mortality

Question 7

Name the largest favela in Rio- it is also Largest shanty town in Brazil

Answer 7

Rocinha

Question 8

What is Rua 4?

Answer 8

A different approach to redevelopment: Flourishing gardens, brightly painted buildings, small plazas

Question 9

How wide was the original street?
What is the width now

Answer 9

It was 60cm wide.
It is now 12m wide

Question 10

Is the street closed to cars

Answer 10

Yes it is closed to cars to create a feeling of peace and tranquility and calmness

Question 11

what issues did the widening of the street cause for residents?

Answer 11

Demolition of homes/buildings on either side .
230 residents were offered government assistance to rent a new home until the blocks were finished - they could then move back to one if the newly created 144 family units

Question 12

when did the UPP (pacification ) Pacifying Police Unit begin?

Answer 12

Began in 2008

Question 13

What was purpose of the UPP?

Answer 13

For police to seize control of rio’s favelas in heavily armed operation by a special unit called BOPE (tactical aid unit)

Question 14

What happened once the UPP invaded the favelas?

Answer 14

The members of drugs gangs arrested or forced to flee elsewhere
CCTV was set up to monitor crime

Question 15

What year was control of Rocinha seized from drug gangs?

Answer 15

2011

Question 16

Has pacification worked in Rocinha?

Answer 16

~Generally yes- a reduction in crime but residents expressed concern for heavy police presence-
There has been an increase in police killings

Question 17

Benefits of pacification in Rocinha

Answer 17

Residents can now own their property - can sell it or rent it out
However this means that rents have increased greatly pricing some people out of the market - and therefore displacing them to favelas with much worse conditions