6.2.8 Synthetic Routes Flashcards
Alkane to haloalkane
H2 and UV light
Alkene to alkane
H2, nickel catalyst, 150 degrees Celsius
Alkene to haloalkane
Hydrogen halide, 20 degrees Celsius
Alkene to alcohol
steam, H3PO4 catalyst, 300 degrees Celsius
Alcohol to alkene
concentrated H2SO4, 170 degrees Celsius
Alcohol to haloalkane
sodium hydride, H2SO4, 20 degrees Celsius
Primary alcohol to aldehyde
Distillation, acidified potassium dichromate
Secondary alcohol to ketone
Reflux, acidified potassium dichromate
Aldehyde to primary alcohol
sodium borohydride
Ketone to secondary alcohol
sodium borohydride
Aldehyde to carboxylic acid
Reflux, acidified potassium dichromate
Carboxylic acid to acyl chloride
SOCL2
Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid
Cold H2O
Acyl chloride to amide
NH3, 20 degrees Celsius
Acyl chloride to ester
Alcohol, 20 degrees Celsius
Ester to carboxylic acid
Reflux, dilute acid or alkali
Ester to alcohol
Reflux, dilute acid or alkali
Alcohol to ester
Acid catalyst or acid anhydride
Aldehyde to hydroxynitrile
HCN
Ketone to hydroxynitrile
HCN
Hydroxynitrile to amine
Reflux, Na and ethanol
Haloalkane to amine
Excess ethanoic ammonia
Haloalkane to nitrile
Reflux, NaCN and ethanol
Nitrile to amine
Reflux, Na and ethanol
Nitrile to carboxylic acid
Reflux, dilute HCl
Hydroxynitrile to carboxylic acid