6.2 robotics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is robotics

A

Robotics is a branch of computer science that incorporates the design, construction and operation of robots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a robot

A

mechanical device that can carry out tasks normally done by humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

3 places robots can be found

A

factories
homes
drones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where can robots be found in factories

A

– welding parts together
– spray-painting panels on a car
– fitting windscreens to cars
– cutting out metal parts to a high precision
– bottling and labelling plants
– warehouses (automatic location of items)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where can robots be found in homes

A

– autonomous floor sweepers
– autonomous lawn mower
– ironing robots
– pool cleaning
– automatic window cleaners
– entertainment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define autonomous

A

able to operate independently without any human input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where can robots be found in drones

A

unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are drones that are either remotely controlled or totally autonomous using embedded systems

– can be used in reconnaissance (eg taking aerial photographs)

– can be used to make parcel deliveries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Adv of robots in industry

A

robots are capable of working in conditions that may be hazardous
to humans

robots work 24/7 without the need to stop

robots are less expensive in the long run

more productive

more consistent

better suited to boring repetitive tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Disadv of robots in industry

A

robots can lead to higher unemployment amongst manual labour tasks

Deskilling labour

Expensive to buy

Maintenance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Adv of autonomous vehicles

A

Safer

Better for environment

Stress free parking - self parking

increased lane capacity due to better braking and acceleration responses together with optimized distance between vehicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Disadv of autonomous vehicles

A

Expensive to set up
Maintenance
cyber attacks
unemployment - less taxis needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Adv of autonomous trains

A

Improved punctuality

reduced costs

safety improves

minimises energy consumption

it is possible to increase the frequency of trains

it is easier to change train scheduling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Disadv of autonomous trains

A

Cyber attacks

Expensive to set up initially

unemploment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Adv of autonomous planes

A

improved passenger comfort

reduced running costs

improved safety - less human error

less fuel consumption because of the improved aerodynamics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Disadv of autonomous planes

A

hacking

software glithces could lead to death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

5 areas in agriculture where robots can play a large role

A

»harvesting/picking of vegetables and fruit
»weed control
»phenotyping (plant growth and health)
»seed-planting and fertiliser distribution
»autonomous labour-saving devices.

17
Q

how can robots be used for harvesting

A

More accurate - only pick ripe fruit

pick fruit without damaging it

Higher yields and reduced waste

18
Q

How does a weed control robot stay on path

why is a drone used

A

GPS tracking

used first to do an aerial view of the vineyard, so that a programmed course of action can be produced, which is then sent to the weed control robot’s memory.

19
Q

What is phenotyping

A

the process of observing the physical characteristics of a plant to assess its health and growth

20
Q

how do robots phenotype

A

»robots designed to do phenotyping are equipped with sensors (including spectral sensors and thermal cameras) that can create a 3D image/model of the plant, thus allowing it to be monitored for health and growth

21
Q

What actions do microprocessors do in autonomous cars

A

»change gear
»apply the brakes
»turn the steering wheel.

22
Q

How are robots used for seed planting and fertilisier distribution

A

drones can produce an aerial image of a farm sending back a ‘bird’s eye view’ of the crops and land. they allow seed-planting to be done far more accurately

»they also allow for more efficient fertiliser-spreading to reduce waste and improve coverage

cloud seeding

23
Q

what are the autonomous agriculture devices

A

»grass mowers/cutters
»weeding, pruning and harvesting robots
»seeding robots
»fertiliser spraying

24
Q

How are robots used in medicine

A

»robots are used in surgical procedures, which makes the operation safer and also makes the procedures quicker and less costly

» robots can be used from monitoring patients to doing actual minor surgery

»robots can take blood samples from patients:
– less painful to patients since the robot is better at determining a ‘good vein’
– safer to doctors and nurses if the patient has an infectious disease
– doctors and nurses can be freed up to do more skilled work

25
Q

where are robots used in entertainment

A

theme parks are now using autonomous robots to entertain visitors to the park

music festivals are much more immersive for the audience

»humanoid robots can perform ‘stunt’ action in movies/ television

26
Q

3 characteristics of robot

A
  • a mechanical structure or framework

– electrical components, such as sensors, microprocessors and actuators

– programmable

27
Q

3 domestic robots

A

autonomous vacuum cleaners

autonomous grass cutters

personal assistants