6.1.1 - personality

Question 1

what is personality?

Answer 1

a unique psychological makeup, influenced by nature and nurture

Question 2

what is the trait theory?

Answer 2

suggests we have initial characteristics (born with) that are stable, consistent and enduring. Allows us to profile individuals and can be used to predict behaviour

Question 3

what is a problem with the trait theory?

Answer 3

it doesn’t consider personality change(changes with environment or experience)

Question 4

what is the interactionist perspective?

Answer 4

it indicates that born traits are adapted according to the situation. Combines traits and social learning to predict behaviour in a situation. It accounts for behavioural change and can predict stable behaviour in certain situations.

Question 5

what is the equation for the interactionist perspective?

Answer 5

B=f(PxE)

Question 6

what is the social learning approach?

Answer 6

suggests behaviour is learnt from others by socialisation. We copy behaviour we see as successful and powerful that is consistently shown and reinforced. We learn from people we hold to a high esteem

Question 7

what process sets out the social learning theory?

Answer 7

observe, identify, reinforced, copy

Question 8

Define socialisation

Answer 8

it is a process where values are learned by associating with other, especially those held to a high esteem

Question 9

define vicarious learning

Answer 9

occurs when a person is motivated to learn by watching someone else work and be rewarded

Question 10

what is the hollander approach?

Answer 10

it suggests personality is made of 3 aspects

• core: values and beliefs
• typical responses: use of inherent traits in certain situations
• role related behaviour: performer may adapt a specific role when situation demands

Question 11

define credulous approach

Answer 11

believe these theories. Accept a link that personality can predict behaviour

Question 12

define sceptical approach

Answer 12

don’t believe these theories. Doubt the link that personality can predict behaviour

Question 13

how can the interactionist perspective improve performance?

Answer 13

• coach can predict aggressive/unacceptable behaviour and remove the player
• coach can recreate situations in training, accustomed
• coach try to change player behaviour, encourage them to adapt to circumstances
• if a player understands their behaviours, they can monitor/adapt themselves
• core values may be harder to alter, need to be reinforced by significant others

Question 14

what three ways can you measure personality?

Answer 14

• interviews
• questionnaires
• observation

Question 15

what are the advantages and disadvantages of interviews?

Answer 15

they can be more in depth and specific, but they are time consuming and similar to a questionnaire

Question 16

what are the advantages and disadvantages of questionnaires?

Answer 16

they are efficient and quick and deal with lost of information, but they can have biased answers or questions may be misunderstood

Question 17

what are the advantages and disadvantages of observations?

Answer 17

they are true to life and during a real game, however, they are subjective and behaviour changes when watched