6.1.1 - Cellular Control Flashcards
What is a gene mutation?
A change in the base sequence of DNA
When do gene mutations occur?
During DNA replication
What increases the likelihood of a random mutation?
Exposure to a mutagenic agent
What is an example of a mutagenic agent?
High energy radiation
What is a deletion mutation?
A base deletion causing a frame shift
What happens during an insertion mutation?
A base is added causing a frameshift
What is a substitution mutation?
When a base is substituted for another base
How can gene mutations affect proteins?
They can change the sequence of amino acids
Why are frameshift mutations more harmful?
They change all the subsequent codons
What is a silent mutation?
A mutation that does not change the amino acid
What are transcription factors?
Proteins that bind to DNA to start transcription
