6.1 Personality Flashcards
How do you define personality?
Personality was defined by the sports psychologist Diane Gill as a “unique psychological make-up”, this implies that some players will react differently to the same situation.
What is the nature vs nurture debate?
Some psychologists argue that personality characteristics are innate others argue that they are learned
What is the nature approach in the nature vs nurture debate?
The nature approach suggests that characteristics are innate
What is the nurture approach - in the nature vs nurture debate?
The nurture approach suggests that those characteristics are learned
What is the trait theory?
Individuals are born with innate characteristics, called traits, that are stable, enduring and stay the same in different situations.
Behaviour is said to be consistent so that the sports performer will behave the same in most situations - which allows us to predict behaviour
What’s an example of the trait theory?
An extrovert basketball player may also behave in an extrovert manner at training, while playing and in team discussions. They might always display characteristics of being loud, bright and opinionated.
What are the problems with the trait theory?
The trait theory doesn’t take into account personality change. Personally and behaviour can change with the situation. For example, a footballer could be aggressive after being fouled but then calm and apologetic in the post match interview.
How can you measure personality?
Questionnaire, Observation, Interview
What are the advantages and disadvantages of an interview?
Advantages: more depth, can be specific
Disadvantages: time, similar to a questionnaire
What are the advantages and disadvantages of observation?
Advantages: True to life, during a real game
Disadvantages: subjective; behaviour changes when being watched
How can the interactionist perspective improve performance?
- Help the coach predict potential unacceptable behaviour
What is Lewin’s formula?
Bf= (PxE)
- 1935
What is the Hollander approach?
Personality is made up of three factors: the core of the performer; the typical responses and the role related behaviour
What is the core of a performer (the Hollander approach)
This is stable and unlikely to change. Beliefs and values, such as the belief in the benefits of playing as a team, are underlying
What are the typical responses (the Hollander approach)
The typical responses are the usual responses the player would make in a given situation
