6.05 Forming memories Flashcards
three stages of memory, according to information processing theory
sensory memory, short-term, long-term
stage of memory in which information enters the NS through sensory systems or organs
sensory
visual sensory memory that lasts a fraction of a second
iconic
his work on iconic memory showed that participants could recall information that was shown to them for just a fraction of a second, but that this memory itself lasted less than 1 second
George Sperling
process in which information that was just in iconic memory is replaced by new information
masking
“photographic” memory of someone who can access an iconic memory over a long period of time
eidetic
tiny little movements that prevent our vision from adapting to constant stimulus; iconic memory allows us to see our surroundings as continuous, in spite of these
microsaccades
the brief memory of something a person has heard
echoic
span of echoic memory
up to four seconds
second stage of memory, according to information-processing theory
short-term memory (STM)
information enters our STM through the __ __ filter
selective attention
STM is encoded primarily in this form
auditory
an active system that processes information in our STM
working memory (often used interchangeably with STM)
his digit-span studies of STM showed that people could recall 7±2 pieces of information
George Miller
the recoding of information into meaningful units to improve our STM
chunking
