6. Plant nutrition Flashcards
Describe photosynthesis and equation
the process by which plants synthesise carbohydrates from raw materials using energy from light
carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen in the presence of light and chlorophyll
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Chlorophyll function
transfers energy from light into energy in chemicals, for the synthesis of carbohydrates
it is a green pigment that is found in chloroplasts
use and storage of the carbohydrates made in photosynthesis
(a) starch as an energy store
(b) cellulose to build cell walls
(c) glucose used in respiration to provide energy
(d) sucrose for transport in the phloem
(e) nectar to attract insects for pollination
nutrients needed by plants, function, deficiency disease
(a) nitrate ions for making amino acids
weak growth and yellowing of leaves
(b) magnesium ions for making chlorophyll
yellowing of leaves between the veins
features of leaf
large surface area- for diffusion of carbon dioxide and absorption of a lot of light
thin- allows sunlight to penetrate to all cells to CO2 to diffuse in and O2 to diffuse out of leaf as quickly as possible.
these features are adaptations for photosynthesis
structures in the leaf of a dicotyledonous plant
chloroplasts-
cuticle- protective layer on top of leaf that prevents water from evaporating
guard cells and stomata
upper and lower epidermis
palisade mesophyll
spongy mesophyll
air spaces
vascular bundles-
xylem- transport water into leaf for mesophyll cells to use in photosynthesis and for transpiration in stomata
phloem- transport sucrose and amino acid from source to sink around the plant