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Organizational Psychology > 6. Organizational Life Quality > Flashcards

6. Organizational Life Quality Flashcards

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1
Q

Organizational life quality is high when…

A
  • positive feelings towards work and future
  • motivated
  • good work-life-balance
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2
Q

name one factor that is in the top three when considering a new job…

A

work-life-balance

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3
Q

Family work relations

A

work overload –> less time for family

sick child –> missed meeting

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4
Q

Name family-friendly policies.

A

childcare, elderly acre
lunch tickets
parking
benefits to buy a house

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5
Q

How can work be FLEXIBLE?

A
  • time flexibility (part-time, compressed work week)
  • telecommuting
  • family leave
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6
Q

Define Spillover

A

transmission of DEMANDS & consequent STRAINS from one domain of life to another

  • within-person
  • across-domains
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7
Q

Define Crossover

A

transmission of DEMANDS & consequent STRAINS from one person to another

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8
Q

Spillover-crossover model

A

bakker & demerouti 2008

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9
Q

Compare direct crossover with indirect crossover.

A

direct: transmission via EMPATHY

indirect transmission via MEDIATING/MODERATING mechanisms (e.g. interaction style)

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10
Q

What is NOT crossover?

A

shared common stressors –> same trends in affect

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11
Q

Which negative processes have been empirically proven to be prone to crossover?

A
  • Anxiety
  • Burnout
  • Depression
  • Health complaints
  • Marital dissatisfaction
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12
Q

POSITIVE PROCESSES: direct Crossover

A

Happiness, positive mood

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13
Q

POSITIVE PROCESSES: indirect Crossover

A

work enjoyment –> partner’s wellbeing

job satisfaction –> partner’s marital satisfaction

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14
Q

Spillover from FAMILY to WORK: examples

A
  • CEOs with daughters have more socially responsible companies
  • leaders with poor sleep quality –> perceived as less inspiring
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15
Q

define “workaholism”

A

the uncontrollable need to work incessantly

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16
Q

Workaholism is a combination of which three conditions?

A
  1. social conditions
  2. personal conditions
  3. work conditions
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17
Q

WORKAHOLISM: social conditions

A
  • positive view about workload in our society
  • work pressure
  • business competitiveness
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18
Q

WORKAHOLISM: personal conditions

A
  • high vitality
  • self-esteem related to work
  • need to control
  • good performance in short-term
  • performance problems in long-term
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19
Q

workaholics…

A

work with a passion (obvious to observer)
work more hours
think about work more frequently
focus conversation on work ALWAYS

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20
Q

WORKAHOLISM:

Scott et al. 1997

A

workaholics are…

  • compulsive-dependent
  • perfectionists
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21
Q

WORKAHOLISM:

Spence & Robbins et al. 1992

A

workaholic triad:

work involvement, work enjoyment, drive

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22
Q

Type A personality and workaholism

A
  • urgency-impatience
  • hostility
  • over-involvement
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23
Q

is workaholism pathological?

A

no

it is an individual difference characteristic

  • inability to regulate working habits
  • self-imposed demands
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24
Q

WORKAHOLISM: work conditions

A

Perfectionistic boss
Downsizing fears
TECHNOLOGY: glamour, addiction, gamification of work, high accessibility
blurring of work-life domains

25
Q

Name examples of “hindrance demands”

A

time pressure

work overload

26
Q

challenging demands increase __________.

A

motivation

27
Q

Who made a workaholism scale?

name item examples

A

schaufeli & tauris 2004

WORKING EXCESSIVELY:
• I spend more time working than on socializing

WORKING COMPULSIVELY:
• I feel that there’s something inside me that drives me to
work hard

28
Q

Describe the health impact of WORKAHOLISM.

A

a) surge of adrenaline –> taxing for heart esp.
- illusion of energy, no recognition of fatigue
- high blood pressure, heart attacks, stroke

b) stress disorders e.g. anxiety, burnout, depression –> suicide

29
Q

Describe the social impact of WORKAHOLISM.

A
  • poor psych. wellbeing
  • worse communication
  • less established family roles
  • reduced emotional attachment
30
Q

Current view on workaholism…

A

“It’s no longer seen as a respectable vice,
but as a serious problem that can have
life-threatening consequence.”

31
Q

Workaholism: individual prevention

A

Identifying the problem

  1. Primary
  2. Secondary
  3. Tertiary
32
Q

Primary individual prevention of workaholism

A
  • time management training

- work-home balance awareness

33
Q

secondary individual prevention of workaholism

A

Support groups and coaching: experts who help those affected

34
Q

tertiary individual prevention of workaholism

A

psychotherapy

35
Q

organizational prevention of workaholism

A

Identifying the problem: surveys

Primary

  • Job redesign
  • Realistic deadlines

Secondary
Support groups and coaching
Organizational culture

Tertiary
- Employee Assistance Programs

36
Q

Ways to combat workaholism

A

Learn to say no sometimes
Switch off!!!
build friendships at work

37
Q

what is karoshi syndrome?

A

death from overwork

38
Q

describe karoshi syndrome

A
  • normal life rhythms are disturbed
  • build up of fatigue
  • chronic condition of overwork
  • high blood pressure, hardening of arteries
  • result: fatal breakdown
39
Q

compare work culture: asia vs europe

A

Average Japanese worker put in 2,124
hours a year
500 hours more than Germans or French

40
Q

cause of karoshi syndrom not just working hours: what else?

A

COMMUTING

  • very stressful
  • Housing market means 3 hours round-trip is common
41
Q

KAROSHI SYNDROME: PHYSIOLOGY

A

excessive stress =

sympathetic nerves & suprarenal glands
–> increase in BP, hardening of arteries, blood coagulation

–> cerebral haemorrhage –> heart failure

42
Q

Overworking = behavioural correlates?

A
  • irregular sleep habits
  • decrease social time
  • alcohol abuse
  • increased smoking
  • unhealthy diet

• neglecting medical checks

43
Q

Define “recovery”

A
  • process of psycho-physiological
    unwinding
    after work
44
Q

in what case are job demands not necessarily negative?

A

sufficient opportunity to recover

45
Q

Name different types of recovery.

A
  • verbal expression
  • physical activities
  • social activities
  • psych. detachment from work
46
Q

define psych. detachment

A

Individual’s sense of being

away from the work situation

47
Q

define relaxation

A

State to voluntarily reduce
tension and stress

  • low activation
  • increased positive affect
48
Q

what are mastery experiences?

A 
Off-job activities 
- distract from job 
- challenging experiences 
- learning opportunities in
other domains
  • competence, proficiency
49
Q

“control during leisure time”

A

degree to which a person decides which activity to
pursue during leisure time

  • positive reevaluation of stress
  • lower distress
  • psych. wellbeing
50
Q

define burnout

A

prolonged response to
chronic emotional and interpersonal
stressors on the job

51
Q

name the three main components of BURNOUT

A

Emotional exhaustion.
Cynicism (or depersonalization)
Lack of professional efficacy

52
Q

DIFFERENTIATE burnout from stress…

A

TYPE OF CHRONIC STRESS

  • NOT GENERATED JUST WITH WORK OVERLOAD
  • after break, still no recovery
  • PREVIOUS MOTIVATION
53
Q

Burnout: depersonalisation

A
  • distancing oneself from service recipients

- cynical attitude

54
Q

Burnout: lack of professional efficacy

A

exhaustion/cynicism –> erosion of sense of own competence

55
Q

How do the different components of burnout arise?

A

emotional exhaustion, cynicism = overworking
lack of professional efficacy = lack of relevant
resources

56
Q

Compare stress and burnout

A

stress:

  • overengagement
  • emotions are overreactive
  • urgency, hyperactivity
  • anxiety disorders

primary damage: physical

burnout:

  • disengagement
  • emotions are blunted
  • helplessness/hopelessness
  • depression

primary damage: emotional

57
Q

burnout: diagnostic aspects

A

ICD 9: no
ICD 10: “state of vital exhaustion”
ICD11: burnout

58
Q

name warning signs of BURNOUT

A
  • exhaustion
  • Cynicism
  • A ‘cold, distant’ attitude
  • Minimal involvement
  • Ineffectiveness
  • A growing sense of inadequacy

Organizational Psychology (9 decks)

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