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FRCR 2A (Crack the 2A High Yield) > 6. Neuro High Yield > Flashcards

6. Neuro High Yield Flashcards

1
Q

Cervical kyphosis associated with

A

NF-1

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2
Q

Lateral thoracic meningocele associated with

A

NF-1

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3
Q

Bilateral optic nerve gliomas

A

NF-1

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4
Q

Bilateral vestibular schwannoma

A

NF-2

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5
Q

Retinal hamartoma

A

Tuberous Sclerosis

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6
Q

Retinal angioma

A

VHL

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7
Q

Brain tumour with restricted diffusion

A

Lymphoma

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8
Q

Brain tumour crossing the midline

A

GBM or lymphoma

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9
Q

Cyst and nodule in child

A

Pilocystic astrocytoma

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10
Q

Cyst and nodule in adult

A

Haemangioblastoma

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11
Q

Multiple haemangioblastoma

A

Von Hippel Lindau

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12
Q

Swiss cheese tumour in ventricle

A

Central neurocytoma

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13
Q

CN3 palsy

A

Posterior communicating artery aneurysm

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14
Q

CN6 palsy

A

Increased ICP

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15
Q

Ventricles out of size to atrophy

A

NPH

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16
Q

Haemorrhagic putamen

A

Methanol

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17
Q

Decreased FDG uptake in lateral occipital cortex

A

Lewy Body Dementia

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18
Q

TORCH with periventricular calcification

A

CMV

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19
Q

TORCH with hydrocephalus

A

Toxoplasmosis

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20
Q

Torch with haemorrhagic infarction

A

HSV

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21
Q

Neonatal infection with frontal lobe atrophy

A

HIV

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22
Q

Rapidly progressing dementia & rapidly progressing atrophy

A

CJD

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23
Q

Expanding the cortex

A

Oligodendroglioma

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24
Q

Tumour acquired after trauma (LP)

A

Epidermoid

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25
Q

Palate separated from maxilla/floating palate

A

LeFort 1

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26
Q

Maxilla separated from the face or Pyramidal

A

LeFort 2

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27
Q

The Face separated from the cranium

A

LeFort 3

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28
Q

Airless expanded sinus

A

Mucocele

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29
Q

DVA

A

Cavernous malformation nearby

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30
Q

SIngle vascular lesion in the pons

A

Capillary telangectasia

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31
Q

Elevated NAA peak

A

Canvans

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32
Q

Tigroid appearance

A

Metachromic leukodystrophy

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33
Q

Endolymphatic sac tumour

A

VHL

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34
Q

T1 bright in petrous apex

A

Cholesterol granuloma

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35
Q

Restricted diffusion in petrous apex

A

Cholesteatoma

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36
Q

Lateral rectus palsy & otomastoiditis

A

Grandenigo Syndrome

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37
Q

Cochlea and semicircular canal enhancement

A

Labrinthitis

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38
Q

Conductive hearing loss in adult

A

otosclerosis

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39
Q

Noise induced vertigo

A

Semicircular canal dehiscence

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40
Q

Widening of maxillary ostium

A

Antrochronal polyp

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41
Q

Inverting papilloma

A

Squamous cell Ca (10%)

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42
Q

Adenoid cystic

A

Perineural spread

43
Q

Left sided vocal cord paralysis

A

Look in AP window

44
Q

Bilateral coloboma

A

CHARGE syndrome

45
Q

Retinal detachment & small eye

A

PHPV

46
Q

Bilateral small eye

A

Retinopathy of prematurity

47
Q

Calcification in globe of child

A

Retinoblastoma

47
Q

Fluid-fluid levels in the orbit

A

Lymphangioma

48
Q

Orbital lesion, worse with valsalva

A

Varix

48
Q

Pulsatile exophthalmos

A

NF-1
OR
CC fistula

49
Q

Sphenoid wing dysplasia

A

NF-1

50
Q

Simitar sacrum

A

Currarino triad

51
Q

Bilateral symmetrically increased T2 in dorsal columns

A

B12 or HIV

52
Q

Owl eye appearance of spinal cord

A

Spinal cord infarct

53
Q

Enhancement of nerve roots of cauda equina

A

Guillain Barre

54
Q

Subligamentious spread of infection

A

TB

55
Q

Order of tumour prevalence in NF-2

A

Schwannoma > meningioma > ependymoma

56
Q

Aetiology of Sturge Weber

A

Maldeveloped draining veins

57
Q

All phakomatosis are ..(inheritance)

A

AD except Sturge Weber

58
Q

Commonest primary brain tumour in adults

A

Astrocytoma

59
Q

Calcifies 90% of the time

A

Oligodendroglioma

60
Q

Restricted diffusion in ventricle

A

Choroid plexus Xanthogranuloma (normal variant)

61
Q

Pituitary T1 bright

A

Pituitary apoplexy

62
Q

Pituitary T2 bright

A

Rathke Cleft Cyst

63
Q

Pituitary - Calcified

A

Craniopharyngioma

64
Q

CP angle - Invades internal auditory canal

A

Schwannoma

65
Q

CP angle - Invased both internal auditory canals

A

Schwannoma with NF2

66
Q

CP angle - restricts on diffusion

A

Epidermoid

67
Q

Kid, arising from vermis

A

Medulloblastoma

68
Q

Kid, 4th ventricle, tooth paste out of 4th ventricle

A

Ependymoma

69
Q

Adult myelination pattern on MRI

A

T1 at 1 year
T2 at 2 years

70
Q

Which structures are myelinated at birth

A

Brainstem and posterior limb of internal capsule

71
Q

CN not in cavernous sinus

A

CN2 and CNV3

72
Q

Persistent trigeminal artery (vertebral to carotid)…

A

Increases risk of aneurysm

73
Q

Subfalcine herniation can lead to

A

ACA infarct

74
Q

ADEM lesions distribution

A

Will not involve calloso-septal interface

75
Q

Marchiafava-Bignami progression

A

Body > Genu > splenium

76
Q

Timescale for post radiation changes

A

2 month lag

77
Q

First sign of alzheimer’s

A

Hippocampal atrophy

78
Q

Most common TORCH

A

CMV

79
Q

Toxoplasmosis abscess on MRI

A

does NOT diffusion restrict

80
Q

Small cortical tumours can…

A

Be occult without IV contrast

81
Q

JPA and ganglioma

A

Can enhance and are low grade

82
Q

Commonest skull vault #

A

Nasal bone #

83
Q

Commonest fracture pattern

A

Zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture (tripod), involves zygoma, inferior orbit and lateral orbit

84
Q

Can mimic SAH on FLAIR

A

Supplemental O2

85
Q

Commonest location for hypertensive haemorrhage

A

Putamen

86
Q

Restricted diffusion without birght FLAIR signal

A

Hyperacute stroke (<6h)

87
Q

Enhancement pattern of stroke

A

Starts at day 3, peaks at 3 weeks, gone at 3 months

88
Q

Commonest systemic vasculitis to involve CNS

A

PAN

89
Q

Commonest type of craniosynostosis

A

Scaphocephaly

90
Q

Piriform aperture stenosis associated with

A

Hypothalamic pituitary axis issues

91
Q

Commonest primary petrous apex lesion

A

Cholesterol granuloma

92
Q

Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome

A

Absence of bony modiolus in 90%

93
Q

Octreotide scan will be positive for

A

Esthesioneuroblastoma

94
Q

Main vascular supply to posterior nose

A

Sphenopalatine artery (terminal internal maxillary artery)

95
Q

warthins tumours take up…

A

pertechnate

96
Q

Sjorgrens associated with (Ca)

A

Salivary gland lymphoma

97
Q

Commonest intra-occular lesion in adult

A

Melanoma

98
Q

Enhancement of nerve roots after spine surgery

A

Up to 6 weeks is normal, after that it’s arachnoiditis

99
Q

Most important factor for outcome in traumatic cord injury

A

Haemorrhage in the cord

100
Q

Currarino triad

A

Anterior sacral meningocele, Anorectal malformation, Sacrococcygeal osseous defect

101
Q

Commonest spinal AVF

A

Type 1 spinal AVF (dural AVF)

102
Q

Herpes distribution

A

Spares basal ganlgia (MCA infarcts do not)

FRCR 2A (Crack the 2A High Yield) (10 decks)

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