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FRCR 2A (Crack the 2A High Yield) > 1.1. Cardiac High Yield > Flashcards

1.1. Cardiac High Yield Flashcards

1
Q

ALCAPA

A

Steal Syndrome

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2
Q

Supra-valvular Aortic Stenosis

A

Williams Syndrome

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3
Q

Williams syndrome (valvular issue)

A

Supra-valvular aortic stenosis

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4
Q

Bicuspid aortic valve and coarctation

A

Turners Syndrome

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5
Q

Turners syndrome (Cardiac anomaly)

A

Bicuspid aortic valve & Coarctation

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6
Q

Isolated right upper lobe oedema

A

Mitral regurgitation

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7
Q

Mitral regurgitation (lung issue)

A

Isolated right upper lobe oedema

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8
Q

Peripheral pulmonary stenosis

A

Alagille syndrome

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9
Q

Alagille syndrome

A

Peripheral pulmonary stenosis

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10
Q

Box shaped heart

A

Ebstein’s

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11
Q

Ebstein’s (heart)

A

Box shaped heart

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12
Q

Right arch with mirror branching

A

Congenital heart

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13
Q

Hand/thumb defects & ASD

A

Hold Oram

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14
Q

Hold Oram

A

Hand/thumb defects & ASD

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15
Q

Ostium primum ASD

A

Downs syndrome

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16
Q

Endocardial cushion defect

A

Downs

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17
Q

Downs

A

Ostium primum ASD
OR
Endocardial cushion defect

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18
Q

Right sided PAPVR associated with

A

Sinus venosus ASD

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19
Q

Sinus venosus ASD

A

Right sided PAPVR

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20
Q

Calcification in the left atrium wall

A

Rheumatic heart disease

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21
Q

Rheumatic heart disease

A

Calcification in the left atrium wall

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22
Q

Difficult to suppress myocardium

A

Amyloid

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23
Q

Blood pool suppression on delayed enhancement

A

Amyloid

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24
Q

Septal bounce

A

Constrictive pericarditis

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25
Q

Ventricular interdependence

A

Constrictive pericarditis

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26
Q

Focal thickening of the septum

A

HOCM
OR
Sarcoid

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27
Q

Balooning of the left ventricular apex

A

Takotsubo

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28
Q

Fat in the wall of dilated right ventricle

A

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC)

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29
Q

Kid, dilated heart, mid wall enhancement

A

Muscular dystrophy

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30
Q

Cardiac rhabdomyoma associated with

A

Tuberous sclerosis

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31
Q

Bilateral atrial thrombus

A

Eosinophilic cardiomyopathy

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32
Q

Diffuse LV subendocardial enhancement, not limited to vascular distribution

A

Cardiac amyloid

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33
Q

Glenn procedure to treat

A

Acquired AVMs

34
Q

Pulmonary vein stensosis

A

Ablation for A-Fib

35
Q

Multiple cardiac myxomas

A

Carney’s complex

36
Q

Fixing aliasing for cardiac MRI

A

1) open FOV
2) Oversampling in the frequency encoding direction
3) switching phase and frequency encoding directions

37
Q

Giant coronary artery aneurysms (>8mm)

A

don’t regress, associated with MI

38
Q

Vit. deficiency cause of dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Wet beriberi (thiamine deficiency)

39
Q

Most common primary cardiac tumour in kids

A

Rhabdomyoma

40
Q

2nd most common primary cardiac tumour in kids

A

Fibroma

41
Q

Commonest complication of MI

A

Myocardial remodelling

42
Q

Unroofed coronary sinus associated with

A

persistent left SVC

43
Q

Commonest source of cardiac mets

A

Lung cancer

44
Q

2nd commonest source of cardiac mets

A

Lymphoma

45
Q

A-Fib most commonly associated with

A

left atrial enlargement

46
Q

Commonest cause of tricuspid insufficiency

A

RVH (pulmonary HTN or cor pulmonale)

47
Q

Right atrium is defined by

A

IVC

48
Q

Right ventricle defined by

A

Moderator band

49
Q

Tricuspid papillary muscles vs mitral

A

Tricuspid insert on the septum, mitral ones don’t

50
Q

Lipomatous hypertrophy of the intra-atrial septum

A

Can be PET hot (brown fat)

51
Q

LAD gives off

A

diagonals

52
Q

RCA gives off

A

Acute marginals

53
Q

LCX gives off

A

obtuse marginals

54
Q

diagonals come from

A

LAD

55
Q

obtuse marginals come from

A

LCX

56
Q

Acute marginals come from

A

RCA

57
Q

What perfuses SA and AV nodes (usually)

A

RCA

58
Q

Dominence decided by …

A

which vessel gives off posterior descending (RCA 85%)

59
Q

LCA from right coronary cusp (Rx)

A

Always repaired

60
Q

RCA from left coronary cusp (Rx)

A

Repair if symptoms

61
Q

Commonest location of myocardial bridging

A

Mid portion of LAD

62
Q

Commonest cause of coronary artery aneurysm (adult)

A

Atherosclerosis

63
Q

Commonest cause of coronary artery aneurysm (child)

A

Kawasaki

64
Q

Commonest cause of mitral stenosis

A

Rheumatic Heart Disease

65
Q

Commonest cause of tricuspid atresia

A

Pulmonary artery hypertension

66
Q

Most common vascular ring is…

A

Double aortic arch

67
Q

Commonest congenital heart disease

A

VSD

68
Q

Commonest ASD type

A

Secundum

69
Q

Pulmonary oedema in newborn

A

Infracardiac TAPVR

70
Q

L type transposition…

A

… are congentially corrected

71
Q

D type transposition..

A

..is doomed

72
Q

Truncus arteriosus is associated with

A

DiGeorge (Trisomy 22)

73
Q

Rib notching from coarctation (distribution)

A

Spares first and second ribs

74
Q

Infarct with -% involvement is unlikely to recover function

A

50%

75
Q

Microvascular infarct is NOT seen in

A

chronic infarct

76
Q

Commonest cause of restricted cardiomyopathy

A

Amyloid

77
Q

Primary amyloid can be seen in…

A

multiple myeloma

78
Q

Commonest neoplasm to involve cardiac valves

A

Fibroelastoma

79
Q

Commonest distribution of congenital pericardium absence

A

Commonly partial, involving left atrium and adjacent pulmonary artery

80
Q

Glenn shunt

A

SVC to pulmonary artery

81
Q

Blalock-Taussig shunt

A

Subclavian artery to pulmonary artery

82
Q

Ross procedure

A

children. Replace aortic valve with pulmonary. Replace pulmonary valve with graft.

FRCR 2A (Crack the 2A High Yield) (10 decks)

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