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FRCR 2A (Crack the 2A High Yield) > 4.2. Obstetrics & Gynaecology High Yield > Flashcards

4.2. Obstetrics & Gynaecology High Yield Flashcards

1
Q

Unicornuate uterus (next step)

A

Look at kidneys

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2
Q

T shaped uterus

A

DES related
OR
Vaginal clear cell Ca

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3
Q

Marked enlargement of uterus

A

Adenomyosis

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4
Q

Adenomyosis

A

Thickening of the junctional zone

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5
Q

Wolffian duct remnant

A

Gartner Duct Cyst

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6
Q

Theca lutein cysts

A

Moles and multiple gestations

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7
Q

Theca lutein cysts + pleural effusions

A

Hyperstimulation syndrome (fertility meds)

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8
Q

Low level internal echoes

A

Endometrioma

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9
Q

T2 shortening

A

Endometrioma (shading sign)

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10
Q

Fishnet appearance

A

Haemorrhagic cyst

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11
Q

Ovarian fibroma & pleural effusions

A

Meigs syndrome

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12
Q

Snow storm uterus

A

Complete mole, 1st trimester

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13
Q

Serum beta-HCG rise in 8-10 weeks following evacuation of molar pregnancy

A

Choriocarcinoma

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14
Q

Midline cystic structure near the back of the bladder of a man

A

Prostatic utricle

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15
Q

Lateral cystic structure near the back of the bladder of a man

A

Seminal vesicle cyst

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16
Q

Isolated orchitis

A

mumps

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16
Q

Homogenous and macrocalcifications

A

Seminoma

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16
Q

Onion skin appearance

A

epidermoid cyst

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16
Q

Multiple hypoechoic masses in testicle

A

Lymphoma

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16
Q

Gynaecomastia and testicular tumour

A

Sertoli Leydig

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16
Q

Cystic elements and macrocalcifications in the testicle

A

Mixed germ cell tumour

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17
Q

One artery adjacent to bladder

A

2 vessel cord

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17
Q

Fetal macrosomia

A

Maternal diabetes

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18
Q

Mum doing cocaine

A

Placenta abruption

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18
Q

Painless PV bleeding in third trimester

A

Placenta previa

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19
Q

Thinning of myometrium with turbulent doppler

A

placenta creta

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20
Q

Mass near cord insertion with flow pulsating at the fetal heart rate

A

Placenta chorioangioma

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21
Q

Cystic mass in posterior neck, antenatal period

A

Cystic hygroma

22
Q

Pleural effusions and ascites on prenatal US

23
Q

Massively enlarged bilateral kidneys

24
Q

Twin peak sign

A

Dichorionic, Diamniotic

25
Q

Endometrial tissue in a rudimentary horn (even if it doesn’t communicate) increases…

A

…risk of miscarriage

26
Q

Arcuate uterus & fertility

A

Does NOT increase risk of infertility (normal variant)

27
Q

Fibroids with higher T2 signal…

A

Respond better to UAE

28
Q

Most common subtype of fibroid degeneration

A

Hyaline fibroid degeneration

29
Q

Adenomyosis distribution

A

Favours posterior wall, spares the cervix

30
Q

NHPCC increases risk of…

A

…Endometrial Ca (30-50x)

31
Q

Tamoxifen increases risk of …

A

Endometrial Ca and polyps

32
Q

Cervical Ca with parametrial involvement (stage and Rx)

A

2B, chemo/radiation

33
Q

Cervical Ca without parametrial involvement

A

2A, managed surgically

34
Q

Vaginal cancer in adults is usually…

A

…squamous cell

35
Q

Vaginal rhabdomyosarcoma occurs in…

A

kids/teens

36
Q

Premenopausal ovaries on PET

A

can be hot depending on cycle

37
Q

Postmenopausal ovaries on PET

A

should never be hot

38
Q

Transformation subtypes

A

Endometrioma = clear cell
Dermoid = squamous

39
Q

Post partum fever can be caused by

A

ovarian thrombophlebitis

40
Q

Fractured penis is

A

Rupture of corpus cavernosum and surrounding tunica albuginea

41
Q

Commonest place for prostate cancer

A

peripheral zone, ADC dark

42
Q

Commonest place for BPH nodules

A

Central zone

43
Q

Hypospadias commonly associated with

A

Prostatic utricle

44
Q

Seminal vesicle cysts associated with

A

Renal agenesis and ectopic ureters

45
Q

Cryptorchidism increases risk of…

A

Cancer (both testicles). not reduced by orchidoplexy

46
Q

Immunosuppressed pts can get (testicles)

A

Testicular lymphoma, hiding behind blood testes barrier

47
Q

Commonest correctible cause of male infertility

A

Varicocele

48
Q

Undescended testes more common in

A

Premature kids

49
Q

Membranes disrupted before 10 weeks increases risk of

A

Amniotic bands

50
Q

Earliest visualisation of embryo

A

Double bleb sign

51
Q

Haematoma size and risk of abortion

A

Haematoma >2/3 circumference of chorion has 2x risk of abortion

52
Q

How to measure biparietal diameter

A

Level of thalamus. Outermost edge of near skull to inner table of far skull

53
Q

Abdominal circumference measurement

A

Doesn’t include subcutaneous soft tissues

54
Q

Abdominal circumference measurement

A

Level of umbilical vein and left portal vein

55
Q

Parameter classically involved with asymmetric IUGR

A

Abdominal circumference

56
Q

Femur length measurement

A

Does not include epiphysis

57
Q

Umbilical artery systolic/diastolic ratio significance

A

Should not excees 3 at 34 weeks (consider pre-eclampsia and IUGR)

58
Q

Full bladder can mimic

A

placenta previa

59
Q

Nuchal lucency measurement and significance

A

Measured 9-12 weeks,
Should be <3mm,
More than 3mm suggests Down’s

60
Q

Lemon sign should disappear at

61
Q

Commonest cause of non-communicating hydrocephalus in neonate

A

Aqueductal stenosis

FRCR 2A (Crack the 2A High Yield) (10 decks)

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