6. Female Reproduction/7. Male Reproduction

Question 1

Reproduction

Answer 1

Process whereby individual organisms produce offspring to continue their genetic lineage

Question 2

Gonads

Answer 2

Primary sex organs (testes and ovaries)

Question 3

Gametes

Answer 3

Sex cell produced in gonads (Spermatozoa and oocyte)

Question 4

Hypothalamus

Answer 4

Area of the brain responsible for homeostatic function

Question 5

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)

Answer 5

Hormone released from hypothalamus, acts on pituitary gland to secrete key regulatory hormones

Question 6

Pituitary gland

Answer 6

“Master” gland sitting below hypothalamus which secretes key regulatory hormones

Question 7

Endocrinology

Answer 7

Study of hormone production

Question 8

H-P-G axis

Answer 8

Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis; whole cascade of events that must happen for a certain hormone to be secreted or sperm to be released

Question 9

Gonadotropic hormones

Answer 9

Tells ovaries/testes to secrete

Question 10

Puberty

Answer 10

Process of maturing from nonfunctional H-P-G into a state of gamete and hormone production

Question 11

Lutenizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Answer 11

Stimulate the testes/ovaries

Question 12

Testes

Answer 12

Produce sperm and testosterone

Question 13

Scrotum

Answer 13

Support and protect the testes

Question 14

Spermatic cord

Answer 14

Support and control the temperature of the testes

Question 15

Epididymis

Answer 15

Maturation and storage of sperm

Question 16

Vas deferns

Answer 16

Sperm transport

Question 17

Urethra

Answer 17

Sperm transportation

Question 18

Cervix

Answer 18

The opening to the uterus, barrier to pathogens

Question 19

Uterus

Answer 19

Site of fetal development

Question 20

Oviduct

Answer 20

Transport of oocytes and sperm, site of fertilization

Question 21

Ovary

Answer 21

Produce oocytes, estrogens, and progestins

Question 22

Broad ligament

Answer 22

Support the reproductive tract

Question 23

Duplex

Answer 23

Having two cervices; marsupials and rabbits

Question 24

Bicornuate

Answer 24

Poorly to moderately developed uterine horns (Mare, cow, sow)

Question 25

Simplex

Answer 25

No uterine horns (Primates)

Question 26

Estrous

Answer 26

Of or pertaining to the cycle

Question 27

Estrus

Answer 27

Period of sexual receptivity (heat)

Question 28

Diestrous

Answer 28

Period following estrus, non-receptive to males

Question 29

Oocyte/ovum

Answer 29

Female gamete

Question 30

Follicle

Answer 30

Structure within ovary that contains oocyte

Question 31

Luteinization

Answer 31

Development of corpus luteum after ovulation

Question 32

Corpus luteum

Answer 32

Temporary endocrine structure which produces progesterone

Question 33

Follicular phase

Answer 33

Short period of estrus, ovulation occurs, period between luteolysis and next ovulation, dominated by estradiol

Question 34

Luteal phase

Answer 34

Longer period of non-receptivity, diestrus; period from ovulation to leuolysis, dominated by progesterone

Question 35

In vitro embryo production

Answer 35

Removal of oocyte from folic, fusion of oocyte and sperm outside reproductive tract

Question 36

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Answer 36

Injection of single spermatozoa into the oocyte

Question 37

Embryo transfer

Answer 37

Embryo transferred to a surrogate female