3. GI Tract Physiology/4. Ruminant Digestion

Question 1

Digestion

Answer 1

The physical, chemical, and enzymatic means the body uses to break down feed to absorb nutrients

Question 2

Cats are obligate carnivores, which means?

Answer 2

35% or less of the diet should be plant matter

Question 3

Mastication

Answer 3

Chewing

Question 4

Peristalsis

Answer 4

Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.

Question 5

4 steps in taking food in

Answer 5

Prehension, mastication, salivation, deglutition

Question 6

Prehension

Answer 6

Process by which animal brings food into the mouth

Question 7

Salivation

Answer 7

The mixing of saliva with food during mastication

Question 8

Deglutition

Answer 8

The act of swallowing

Question 9

Pepsin

Answer 9

An enzyme that breaks down proteins

Question 10

What is the chicken’s true stomach?

Answer 10

Proventriculus

Question 11

What is the cow’s “true stomach”?

Answer 11

Abomasum

Question 12

3 parts of the small intestine

Answer 12

Duodendum, jejunum, ileum

Question 13

Duodenum

Answer 13

Bile and pancreatic enzymes are secreted and is a major site of chemical breakdown of food. A major site of digestion

Question 14

Jejunum

Answer 14

Longest part where some digestion occurs but main function is absorption of nutrients

Question 15

Ileum

Answer 15

Connects to the large intestine, but some absorption does happen

Question 16

3 parts of the large intestine

Answer 16

Cecum, colon, rectum

Question 17

Defecation

Answer 17

Elimination of excitement from the body via the rectum or cloaca

Question 18

Micturition

Answer 18

Process of urination

Question 19

Urea is produced in

Answer 19

Mammals

Question 20

Uric acid is produced in

Answer 20

Birds and other species

Question 21

T/F: A horse can receive continuous small portions of food at a time

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Copography

Answer 22

Eating of feces if protein deficient

Question 23

4 parts of a ruminant stomach

Answer 23

Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum

Question 24

The rumen accounts for how much body weight?

Answer 24

20%

Question 25

What are the microbes in the rumen?

Answer 25

Bacteria, protozoa, fungi

Question 26

Reticulum

Answer 26

Lies in front and below rumen and is like an open compartment; a site of microbial action and initiation of stomach contractions

Question 27

Omasum

Answer 27

Function seems to be absorption of water and VFA’s and reducing particle size

Question 28

Forestomach

Answer 28

Rumen, reticulum, and omasum

Question 29

What do the microbes in the fore stomach utilize?

Answer 29

Non-protein nitrogen

Question 30

Abomasum

Answer 30

Equivalent to the simple stomach

Question 31

Where does colostrum go?

Answer 31

Abomasum

Question 32

Rumination

Answer 32

Highly indigestible food is retained

Question 33

Eructation

Answer 33

Belching to release gas

Question 34

Cecum

Answer 34

Large pouch at the beginning of the large intestine, serves little purpose in ruminant