#6: Enzymes

Question 1

Enzyme

Answer 1

Living system controls activity through enzymes

Protein Catalysts- guide and control chemical reactions

Enzymes decrease activation energy required for reaction to occur

Question 2

3 Characteristics of Enzymes

Answer 2

1. Increase rate of reaction
2. Act specifically with only 1 reactant
3. Can be used over and over

Question 3

Substrate

Answer 3

Reactant enzyme acts on

Will bind to active site on enzyme

Question 4

Why must enzymes be regulated and controlled?

Answer 4

1. Since they are proteins, sensitive to environmental conditions (temp, pH, concentration of enzyme/substrate)
2. Some require cofactors (inorganic) or coenzymes (organic)

Question 5

Competitive Inhibitors

Answer 5

Bind to active site of enzyme and block substrate

Question 6

Non-competitive Inhibitors

Answer 6

Bing elsewhere on enzyme and change the shape of active site

Question 7

Allosteric Regulation

Answer 7

Enzyme capable of alternating between active and inactive shape

Allosteric site are receptor sites on enzyme that inhibit or stimulates enzyme’s activity

Question 8

Allosteric Activator

Answer 8

Binds to allosteric site and stabilizes protein shake to keep all active sites available to substrates

Question 9

Allosteric Inhibitor

Answer 9

Binds to allosteric site and stabilizes inactive form of enzyme

Question 10

How could a change in temp or pH affect enzyme function?

Answer 10

Temp- denatures enzyme

pH- disrupts ionic bonds, effect charged residues at active site