#5: Proteins

Question 1

Function

Answer 1

Structural functions, enzymes, transport of substances, chemical messengers

Question 2

Structure

Answer 2

Amino acids joined together in long chain called POLYPEPTIDE

Question 3

Amino acids

Answer 3

Structure: central carbon atom, amino group, carboxyl group

Differ in side chain, which determines properties of the amino acid

May be polar, non polar or electrically charged

Bond together through condensation reaction

PEPTIDE BOND forms between carboxyl on one amino acid and amino group on adjacent acid

Polypeptide have amino group on one end and carboxyl on other

Question 4

Primary structure

Answer 4

Order of amino acids in polypeptide

ORDER IS CRUCIAL TO ULTIMATE SHAPE

Question 5

Secondary structure

Answer 5

Local folding of chain

Results from H-bonds between amino acids

Include alpha helix and beta pleated

Question 6

Tertiary structure

Answer 6

Folding of chain upon itself

Results from interactions between side chains

Question 7

Quaternary structure

Answer 7

2 or more polypeptide chains combine together to form single molecule

Results from interactions between side chains

Question 8

Denaturation

Answer 8

Change in shape of protein causes it to lose its ability to function

Factors: heat, pH, radiation, harsh chemicals