Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Estimates > 6 - Construction Estimates > Flashcards

6 - Construction Estimates Flashcards

1
Q

The cost of construction facility to the owner include:

A
  • Initial capital cost

* Operation and maintenance cost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Initial Capital Cost

A
  • Land acquisition
  • Planning and feasibility studies
  • Architectural and engineering design
  • Construction, including materials, equipment and labor
  • Field supervision of construction
  • Construction financing
  • Insurance and taxes during construction
  • Owner’s general office overhead
  • Equipment and furnishing of facility
  • Inspection and testing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Operation and Maintenance Cost

A
  • Land rent
  • Operating staff
  • Labor and materials for maintenance and repair
  • Periodic renovations
  • Insurance and taxes
  • Financing cost
  • Utilities
  • Owner’s other expenses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

area of engineering practice where engineering judgment and experience are utilized in the application of scientific principles and techniques to the problem of cost estimation, control and profitability

A

Cost Engineering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

establishes the baseline of the project at different stages of development of the project

A

Cost Estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

one of the most important steps in project management

A

Cost Estimation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a complex process of collecting available and pertinent information about project scope, expected resource consumption, and future changes in resource cost

A

Cost Estimation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Process of Cost Estimation

A
  1. Collection and review of detailed plans, specs, site data, resource data (labor, materials, equipment), contract documents, gov’t regulations
  2. Synthesis of information through visualization of the construction process
  3. Conversion of information to forecast cost of facility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Qualifications of cost estimator

A
  • Extensive knowledge of construction
  • Knowledge of construction materials & method
  • Knowledge of construction practices & contracts
  • Ability to read & write construction documents
  • Ability to sketch construction details
  • Graphic & verbal communication
  • Strong background in business & economics
  • Ability to visualize work items
  • Broad background in design & code requirements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Types of Cost Estimate (general)

A
  1. Conceptual or approximate estimate

2. Detailed estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Classification is dependent on:

Cost Estimate (general)

A
  • available information

* extent of effort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Used at the outset of the project when scope are in early stages of development

A

Conceptual estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Used to assess potential cost to determine economic desirability

A

Conceptual estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Quick techniques usually employed: (Conceptual estimate)

A
  • Utilize one project parameter such as floor area, length (roads & bridges), or output (barrels per day)
  • Use historical cost information
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Estimates that are prepared after scope of works of project are clearly defined

A

Detailed estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Requires effort in gathering information and forecasting cost

A

Detailed estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Prepared for bid purposes or definitive budgeting

A

Detailed estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fairly accurate projections of construction costs

A

Detailed estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Used for decision making and commitment

A

Detailed estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Types of Cost Estimate (function)

A
  1. Design Estimate
  2. Bid Estimate
  3. Control Estimate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

used by the owner or design professional during the planning and design stage

A

Design Estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

used before design and thus rely cost data of similar facilities built in the past

A

• Screening estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

based on the conceptual design of the facility

A

• Preliminary estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

made when the scope of works is clearly defined and essential features of facility are known

A

Detailed estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

based on completed plans and specifications and used by the owner to solicit bids from contractors

A

Engineer’s estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

4 types of Design Estimate

A

• Screening estimate
• Preliminary estimate
Detailed estimate
Engineer’s estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

used by the contractor for submission to the owner either for bidding or negotiation

A

Bid Estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

consists of direct construction cost, job site and general overhead and profit margin

A

Bid Estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Bid Estimate may be derived from:

A

1 Subcontractor quotation
2 Quantity takeoffs
3 Construction procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

basis of cost estimate for tasks that are subcontracted by the gencon

A

Subcontractor quotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

estimate of materials and labor for tasks that will be performed by the gencon based on plans provided by owner

A

Quantity takeoffs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

assess the actual cost of construction considering actual procedure to be used if the project is different from typical desig

A

Construction procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

used by the owner for planning long term finances

A

Control Estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

used by the contractor for monitoring expenses during construction

A

Control Estimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

4 Methods of Cost Estimation

A
  1. Simple Unit Cost
  2. Labor, Material & Equipment Cost
  3. Allocation of Joint Cost
  4. Estimate Based on Engineer’s List of Quantities
36
Q

Proration of joint cost to various elements of the project in proportion to element’s cost

A

Allocation of Joint Cost

37
Q

_____ are indirect costs which cannot be directly charged to an activity

A

Joint costs

38
Q

Joint Costs activity:

A
  • field supervision
  • field office cost
  • general operating overhead
39
Q

• Based on a list of items and associated quantities from which the total construction cost is derived

A

Estimate Based on Engineer’s List of Quantities

40
Q

• List is made available to bidders and unit prices are solicited from each bidder

A

Estimate Based on Engineer’s List of Quantities

41
Q

Refers to various human craft or skill resources that actually build the project

A

Labor Resource

42
Q

Cost of labor:

A

1 wage rate
2 labor productivity
3 labor cost per physical unit of work

43
Q

Identify skill to be used & determine hourly cost

A

wage rate

44
Q

Estimate rate of work

A

labor productivity

45
Q

Divide labor rate by productivity

A

labor cost per physical unit of work

46
Q

total hourly expense for a particular craft or task

– expressed in pesos per hour (dollars/hr)

A

Labor rate

47
Q

– output per unit of labor input

– expressed in output per unit time (e.g. m3/day)

A

Labor productivity

48
Q

may either be purchased or leased

A

• Equipment

49
Q

Equipment selection criteria:

A
  • Functional performance
  • Project flexibility
  • Companywide operations
  • Economics
50
Q

Equipment selection criteria - capacity & speed

A

Functional performance

51
Q

Equipment selection criteria – multiple uses

A

Project flexibility

52
Q

Equipment selection criteria equipment can be used in other projects

A

Companywide operations

53
Q

Equipment selection criteria production or hourly cost

A

Economics

54
Q

• Equipment economics include:

A

Production rates

Equipment cost

55
Q

output per unit time

A

Production rates

56
Q

includes direct and indirect equipment cost

A

Equipment cost

57
Q

– cost of ownership and operation of equipment

A

Direct cost

58
Q

costs that occur in support of the overall fleet of the equipment but cannot be specifically assigned to a particular equipment

A

Indirect cost

59
Q

Estimator must be able to read & interpret drawings & specs to develop a complete list of materials required

A

Materials Estimate

60
Q

• Estimator identifies the cost of materials including purchase price, shipping, handling & taxes.

A

Materials Estimate

61
Q

_______ are simplified to reduce the probability of committing error when several digits are being used.

A

Measurements

62
Q

contractor is responsible in establishing the mix that will achieve required strength and workability as specified in the plan

A

Designed Mix

63
Q

the design engineer specifies the mix proportion. Contractor’s responsibility is to provide a properly mixed concrete containing the right proportion as prescribed in the plan.

A

Prescribed Mix

64
Q

categorized as conceptual estimate

• given a floor area, one can generally have an idea of the total volume of concrete of the structure

A

Concrete estimate by Floor Area

65
Q
  • all concrete structures are estimated using its volume
  • know the dimension of the structure by referring to the plan
  • neglect the volume occupied by the reinforcement
A

• Concrete estimate by Volume Method

66
Q

_____ has three void cells and two half cells, making it four void cells

A

Standard concrete hollow block (CHB)

67
Q

Concrete hollow block (CHB) has standard dimensions of _________

A

400mm length (16”) and 200mm height (8”). Thickness varies according to use, typically 75mm to 200mm (3” to 8”)

68
Q

We want to know quantity of materials for a certain masonry work made of CHB, which generally comprises the following:

A
  • CHB
  • Cement and sand (mortar) for block laying
  • Cement, sand and gravel for filling hollow cores and pouring stiffener columns and beams
  • Reinforcing steel bars
  • Tie wires
69
Q

Quantity for plastering depends on the_______

A

area (area method) and thickness of plaster

70
Q

______ are temporary materials that are used to hold liquid concrete

A

Formworks

71
Q

Due to the __________, its behavior is considered in getting the amount of formworks to be used

A

liquid property of concrete

72
Q

Estimates are based on the commercial sizes of materials (formworks)

A
  • Plywood – 4ft x 8ft (1.2m x 2.4m)

* Lumber – 10ft, 15ft, 20ft, 25ft (3m, 4.5m, 6m, 7.5m)

73
Q

• Units of measure: (Formworks)

A
  • Plywood in pc
  • Lumber in lgth or bd-ft
  • Nails in kg
74
Q

Estimating Formworks

• In big construction projects,______ are not directly estimated

A

overlaps

75
Q

• Estimators multiply a factor _______ to account for overlaps and material wastage due to cutting of commercial sizes

A

(from 1.05-1.15)

76
Q

• The goal is to minimize ______ from cutting sizes of forms in the one whole board

A

wastage of board

77
Q

Estimators come up with the most efficient way of cutting rebars accounting for the commercial size of rebars. This is incorporated in a _______

A

cutting list

78
Q

is a list of rebar requirements of a project which contains lengths of cut to be used in specific parts of the structure. It also accounts for material wastage minimization

A

Cutting list

79
Q

___ refers to gauge No. 16 galvanized iron wire popularly known as G.I. tie wire

A

Tie wire

80
Q

______ is used to hold steel bars into its designed position in contact with other bars

A

Tie wire

81
Q

circumference of Tie wire

A

900mm

82
Q

Length of Tie wire per kg

A

53m

83
Q

The most common roofing material is the ______

A

G.I sheet

84
Q

G.I sheet is either:

A

plain, corrugated or ribbed

85
Q

Commercial sizes for GI sheets:

A
  • Plain: 0.90m x 2.40m
  • Corrugated: 0.80m x 1.50-3.60m
  • Ribbed: Same as corrugated, width varies depending of the type of rib

Estimates (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions