Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Estimates > 4 - Building Structure and Systems > Flashcards

4 - Building Structure and Systems Flashcards

1
Q

generally defined as an enclosed structure for human occupancy

A

Building

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Priority of building structures

A
  1. Load-bearing systems
  2. Exterior walls
  3. Interior walls
  4. Linings, claddings
  5. Plants, equipment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aside from the typical vertical load-resisting structures, design criteria for building structures are based on __________

A

structural systems used.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Structural systems are categorized based on:

A

 the material of construction
 the way in which lateral forces are resisted, and
 the relative quality of seismic resistant design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

defines the main character of design

A

Exterior Walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

most components are adequately attached to supporting structures (load-bearing systems)

A

Exterior Walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

can be as simple as masonry walls to complex curtain walls

A

Exterior Walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

are used to divide spaces inside the building

A

Interior Walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

placing of such is governed by building and fire codes

A

Interior Walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • can be masonry walls, timber partitions, light-weight panels like gypsum and ficem board, glass, modular partitions and laminates
A

Interior Walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  • the application of one material over another to provide skin or layer intended to control the infiltration of weather elements, or for aesthetic purposes
A

Cladding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  • does not necessarily have to provide a waterproof condition but is instead a control element
A

Cladding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  • are semi-permanent building features that supports the operation of a facility
A

Plant/Equipment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • examples are escalators and elevators, HVAC, generators and substations, MEPF system
A

Plant/Equipment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The _____ is where the building structure is being built. It should be a well-planned area that considers mobility and function of the construction process.

A

Building Site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The _____ decides the allocation of areas in a construction site.

A

project manager

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The ______ can make significant improvements in the cost and time savings during the construction process without involving a mass of additional work.

A

site-based management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The role of site managers is to ________ and then taking actions to rectify situations where performance is unsatisfactory.

A

control and maintain work performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Site planning in particular, has been the ____ aspect in the construction industry and the attitude of the engineers has been that it will be done as the project progress.

A

most neglected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

_______, in general, is a complex optimization problem.

A

Layout planning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

There are two general objectives which planners should seek to meet through careful organization of the site for construction:

A
  1. the site must be designed to maximize efficiency of operations in order to promote worker productivity, to shorten project time and to reduce cost
  2. the final plan must create a project with a good work environment in order to attract and retain the best personnel and thus contribute to better work quality and productivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Construction site layout involves:

A

 identifying, sizing, and placing temporary facilities
 identifying staging areas
 locating mobility points and transportation routes
 locating equipment setup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Common Problems at Building Site

A

 Material stacks wrongly placed
 Plant and equipment wrongly located
 Inadequate space allowed
 Temfacil wrongly located

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Site Layout Planning Elements

A 
 Safety 
-- Fire prevention 
-- Medical services
--  Personnel safety 
 Site Accessibility
  Information Signs
  Security 
---- Entrance 
---- Lighting
---- Fencing
 Accommodation 
 Offices 
 Water supply and sanitation
  Material handling 
 Storage and site cleaning
25
Q

Building component that rests on earth

A

Substructure

26
Q

Building component that rests on substructure

A

Superstructure

27
Q

Part of the building that transfers all the load of the building to the earth underneath

A

Foundation

28
Q

Types of Substructure

A

 Foundation
 Slab-on-grade
 Earth-retaining structures

29
Q

Types of Superstructure

A

 Suspended slab
 Suspended beams and girders
 Columns
 Roof

30
Q

Types of Footing

A 
 Shallow foundation
--  Isolated footing
--  Combined footing
--  Spread/Mat footing 
 Deep foundation 
-- Driven piles 
-- Bored piles 
 Footing tie beam 
 Wall Footing
31
Q

Method of Installation Shallow foundation

A

 No formwork on the bottom
 Either rests on gravel or lean concrete
 Rebar installation will start with concrete spacer blocks
 Side forms only, separated from the rebar by spacer blocks
 After curing, backfill and compact

32
Q

Method of Installation Driven Pile

A

 Piles to be driven are prefabricated
 Delivered at site with varying lengths according to order
 Test piles (if necessary) are driven first
 Pile-driving with the necessary equipment
 Excess length of pile that cannot be driven further are manually hacked using jack hammer
 Rebars exposed from cutting the excess length will be integrated with the pile cap/footing

33
Q

Method of Installation Bored Pile

A

 Boring equipment will bore a hole into the soil
 Soil from boring will not be used again
 Prefabricated rebar is placed at the bored hole
 Concrete is poured at the hole
 Excess length will be hacked
 Rebars exposed from cutting the excess length will be integrated with the pile cap/footing

34
Q

Used to hold the earth in place permanently or temporarily

A

Other earth-retaining structures
 Retaining wall
 Sheet piles
 Soil nail

35
Q

Method of Installation Sheet pile

A

 Sheet metals are delivered at site
 Necessary equipment (mounted vibratory hammer) is used to drive the sheet piles on the soil
 After complete installation, excavation of the critical soil will proceed
 At strategic points, wailer supports are placed to prevent sheet piles from overturning due to active soil pressure

36
Q

Method of Installation Soil nail

A

 Soil retaining structure is built (abutment, retaining wall, precast concrete fence)
 Soil is bored at an angle
 Post-tensioning tendons/cables are inserted in the hole
 Hole is bombarded with pressurized grout
 After curing, the tendons/cables are stressed to obtain the necessary pull applied on the retaining structure

37
Q

Flooring that directly rests on the ground

A

Slab-on-grade

38
Q

Process: Slab-on-grade

A 
 Soil compaction 
 Gravel bedding
  Damproofing (polyethylene sheet) 
 Rebar installation 
 Concrete pouring 
 Floor finishing
39
Q

Directly carries the dead load and live load of the building and transfers the load to the beams and girders

A

Suspended Slab

40
Q

Carries the slab and transfers the load to the girders

A

Intermediate Beam

41
Q

Carries the intermediate beams and some of the slab directly attached to it, transfers the load to the columns

A

Girder

42
Q

The main load-bearing structure that carries the girders and transfers all the load to the foundation

A

Column

43
Q

Column that is not directly connected to the foundation is called _________

A

planted column

44
Q

Method of Installation Superstructure (Column)

A

 Column rebars are erected
 Spacer blocks are installed
 Column formworks are installed
 Concrete is poured for several lifts

45
Q

Method of Installation Superstructure (Girders, Beams and Slab)

A

 Scaffolds are installed to support the formworks
 Bottom forms are installed (including slab)
— Conventional formworks
— Table forms
 Rebars are assembled (girders and beams)
 Side forms are erected upon completion of rebars
 Slab rebars are installed
 Concrete pouring
 Floor finishing

46
Q

Used for small construction where reuse of forms is cannot significantly affect the total cost

A

Plywood

47
Q

Special type of engineered wood with smooth surface (coated with phenolic) to maximize reuse of forms

A

Phenolic board

48
Q

Scaffoldings are used to support the assembly of phenolic boards to serve as formworks for cast-in-place concrete

A

Conventional Scaffolding

49
Q

A pre-assembled platform, complete with forms, will serve as formworks assembly for the entire project

A

Table Forms

50
Q

Mix for Concrete

A

water + cement + FA + CA

51
Q

Mix for Mortar

A

water + cement + FA

52
Q

Mix for Grout

A

water + cement

53
Q

concrete mixed at the batching plant

A

Ready-mix concretw

54
Q

concrete mixed on-site

A

Job-mix concrete

55
Q

Fresh concrete is delivered at site and poured in preassembled formworks

A

Cast-in-place concrete

56
Q

Hardened concrete is delivered at site to act as building components (e.g. pre-cast wall, pre-cast girder)

A

Pre-cast concrete

57
Q

used if concrete can flow using gravity

A

Direct pouring

58
Q

used to pump concrete to reach higher levels and hard to reach areas

A

Pumpcrete

59
Q

Ribbed steel bars of varying sizes and strength

A

Reinforcing bars

Estimates (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions