2 - Organizing for Project Management Flashcards
It is the art of directing and coordinating human and material resources throughout the life of a project by using modern management techniques to achieve predetermined objectives of scope, cost, time, quality and participation satisfaction.
Project Management
It requires knowledge of both modern management and the design and construction process
Project Management
Deals with the specific objectives and constraints of construction project such us limited space and time
Project Management
3 element for a Project Management Framework
- General Management
- Special Knowledge Domain
- Supporting Disciplines
What are the specific functions of a project manager?
- To Specify and delineate project’s objectives, scope, budget, schedule, performance requirement, and select project participants
- To optimize the use of resources through efficient labor, material and equipment management
- To administer operations by coordinating and controlling planning, design, estimating, contracting and construction.
- To ensure effective communication with all participants and resolve conflicts that may arise.
Distinct areas requiring project manager attention
- Scope
- Time
- Cost
- Human Resource
- Procurement
- Integration
- Quality
- Risk
- Communications
Ensuring all the work required are included
Project Scope Management
Making sure that jobs start and finish on time
Project Time Management
Allocating and controlling where money is being spent
Project Cost Management
Hiring and designating the right people for the right job
Project Human Resource Management
Acquiring materials, equipment or services at a price that is most advantageous for the project.
Project procurement management
Coordinating project elements effectively
Project integration Management
Assuring that the required end results are met
Project Quality Management
Identifying risks and planning on how to avoid/mitigate them
Project Risk Management
Ensuring important information is conveyed to the intended receiver
Project communications Management
3 Risks in Construction Projects
- Socioeconomic Factors
- Organizational Relationships
- Technical Problems
Example of Socioeconomic Factors
- Environmental Protection
- Public Safety
- Economic Instability
- Exchange rate fluctuation
Example of Organizational Relationships
- Contractual Relations
- Attitudes of participants
- Communication
Example of Technical Problems
- Design Assumptions
- Site Conditions
- Construction Procedures
- Construction Occupational Safety
Numerous organizations serve as consultant, contractors to the owner, with different organizations handling design and construction
Separation of organization
Single of Joint Venture undertakes both design and construction
Integration of Organization
Employs designer which prepares plans and specifications for the constructor
Owner
Acts on behalf of the owner to oversee construction
Designer
Responsible for the construction itself
General Contractor
May undertake specific tasks
Sub-contractor
Gencon selects subcons alse either by bidding or negotiation.
Traditional Design - Construction Sequence
Unattractive for projects where “time is of the essence” since detailed plans must be completed first before project is bid out
Traditional Design-Construction Sequence
Example of Traditional Design-Construction Sequence
- Public works projects
- Small to medium Construction (Apartment)
Works with Owner and A/E Firm and make recommendations on design improvement and construction technology
Professional Construction Management
Purpose design and construction alternatives. Monitors Construction
Professional Construction Management
Coordinates procurement of material and equipment and work of all contractors. Used in very large and complex projects
Professional Construction Management
Example of Professional Construction Management
Private commercial construction (Malls, Condo)
Clients/Owners who have regular projects
Owner maintains an in-house team of personnel that undertakes all tasks including planning, design and construction
Owner-Builder Operation
Owner has maximum control over design and construction
Owner-Builder Operation
Viable only when owner has a steady flow of on-going projects
Owner-Builder Operation
Example of Owner-Builder Operation
Small commercial projects such as mall tenants (Starbucks, Havaianas)
Owner delegates all responsibilities of design and construction to outside contractor
Turnkey Operation
Contractor delivers the completed facility on the basis of performance specifications set forth by the owner
Turnkey Operation
The single most responsible person for project success or failure is the ___________
Project Manager
_________ must have the ability to exert interpersonal influence to the project team in order to align their action and behavior towards success of project
Project Manager
Factors for project success
- Well-defined scope
- Extensive early planning
- Good leadership, management and first line supervision
- Positive client relationship
- Proper project team chemistry
- Quick response to changes
- Engineer-managers concerned with the project, not just engineering elements
Factors for project failure
- Ill defined scope
- Poor management
- Poor Planning
- Breakdown in communication between engineering and construction
- Unrealistic scope, schedules and budget
- Many changes at various stages of progress
- Lack of good project control
Scope of Project Management Services
- Pre-construction Phase
- Construction Phase
- Post Construction Phase
Review and comment on the conceptual design prepared by the architect
Participate in the feasibility study of the project
Prepare preliminary program of work
Review the preliminary project budget
Pre-Design
Review the final design and specifications prepared by architect/consultants
Apply value engineering
Prepare the final project budget/cash flow
Review construction documents and advise owner before the approval of documents
Design
Source and pre-qualify prospective bidders for the contract packages for owner’s approval
Prepare bid documents and assist in invitation of bidders
Schedule and conduct bidding
Review and evaluate bids and submit recommendations for owner’s approval
Prepare contract documents for owner’s approval
Bidding and Selection
Submit a proposed “project implementation manual”
Prepare and submit cost schedule for all construction phases
Ensure proper permits and licenses, bonds and insurances are secured by contractor before start of construction
Review, recommend and approve all detailed construction schedule
Pre-Construction Phase
4 Stages for Pre-Construction Phase
- Pre-design
- Design
- Bidding and Selection
- Pre-Construction Phase
10 Stages for Construction Phase
- Monitoring/Coordination
- Interpretation of Drawings and Specifications
- Project Documentation
- Change/Variation Orders
- Progress Payment
- Assistance in Technical Resolution
- Quality Assurance
- Cost Control
- Safety Measures
- System Testing
2 Stages for Post-Construction Phase
- Completion
2. Turn-over
