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1 - Construction Project Planning and Management Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is the largest industry in the world

A

Construction

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2
Q

A project is defined by the following characteristics:

A

› A defined goal or objective
› Specific tasks to be performed
› Defined beginning and end
› Resources being consumed

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3
Q

Pre-Construction Phase includes:

A

› conceptual planning
› schematic design
› design development
› contract documents

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4
Q

Procurement Phase (Bidding and Award Phase) includes:

A

› Project formally transits from design into construction
› This stage begins with an invitation to bid
› This phase sometimes overlaps with the design phase

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5
Q

Construction Phase includes:

A

› Actual physical construction of the project stage
› This is the stage where the bulk of the owner’s fund will be spent
› It is the outcome of the previous stages

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6
Q

Close Out Phase includes:

A

› Transition from construction to actual use of the project

› Provides documentation, as-built drawings, operation manuals

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7
Q

4 Phases of the Project

A
  1. Pre-construction
  2. Procurement
  3. Construction
  4. Close Out
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8
Q

includes houses, townhouses, high-rise apartments and subdivisions

A

Residential Housing Construction

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9
Q

Residential Housing Construction Design & Construction:

A

Architects and Engineers

› Contractors (Formal and Informal)

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10
Q

Residential Housing Construction Characteristics:

A

› Highly competitive

› High risk and reward

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11
Q

includes schools, hospitals, government buildings, sports facilities, shopping malls, skyscrapers for offices & hotels

A

Institutional and Commercial Building Construction

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12
Q

Institutional and Commercial Building Construction Design & Construction:

A

› Specialty Architects and Engineers

› Contractors and Subcontractors

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13
Q

Institutional and Commercial Building Construction Characteristics:

A

› Greater cost and sophistication than in residential

› Projects may be limited to few contractor

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14
Q

includes oil refineries, steel mills, chemical processing plants, power plants

A

Specialized Industrial Construction

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15
Q

Specialized Industrial Construction Design & Construction:

A

› Design-Build companies

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16
Q

Specialized Industrial Construction Characteristics:

A

› Large-scale with high degree of technological complexity

› Capital intensive and long construction periods

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17
Q

includes highways, bridges, tunnels, airports, harbors, transmission lines, STPs, irrigation, drainage & flood control systems

A

Infrastructure and Heavy Construction

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18
Q

Infrastructure and Heavy Construction Design & Construction:

A

› Specialty Contractors

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19
Q

Infrastructure and Heavy Construction Characteristics:

A

› Large-scale with high degree of mechanization

› Long construction periods

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20
Q

Major Types of Construction Projects

A
  1. Residential Housing Construction
  2. Institutional and Commercial Building Construction
  3. Specialized Industrial Construction
  4. Infrastructure and Heavy Construction
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21
Q

4 Participants of Construction Projects

A
  1. Owner/Client
  2. Design Professionals
  3. Construction Professionals
  4. Project Manager
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22
Q

Individual or organization for whom the project is to be built

A

Owner/ Client

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23
Q

Finances the project

A

Owner/ Client

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24
Q

Selects qualified designers, consultants and contractors

A

Owner/ Client

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25
Includes Architects, engineers and design consultants
Design Professionals
26
Interpret or assist the owner in developing project scope, budget and schedule
Design Professionals
27
Can be part of the Owner’s group or independently hired for the project
Design Professionals
28
Parties responsible for constructing projects
Construction Professionals
29
Works are usually divided among many specialty contractors or subcontactor
Construction Professionals
30
In-charge with the overall coordination of the entire construction program
Project Manager
31
In-charge with Design coordination
Project Manager
32
In-charge with Bidding and awarding contracts
Project Manager
33
In-charge with Proper selection of materials and methods of construction
Project Manager
34
In-charge with Cost and scheduling information and control
Project Manager
35
In-charge with Problem-solving
Project Manager
36
Examine the economic feasibility of proposed project
Financial Planning Consultants
37
Provide options for project financing
Financial Planning Consultants
38
Engaged by owner to develop designs
Architectural and Engineering (A/E) Firm
39
Acts as Owner’s Representative
Architectural and Engineering (A/E) Firm
40
Performs site quality inspection
Architectural and Engineering (A/E) Firm
41
Acts as prime contractor or general contractor (gencon
Construction Firm (Contractor)
42
Includes mechanical, electrical, plumbing, excavation among others
Specialty or Subcontractor (Subcon)
43
Employed by gencon to accomplish specific works
Specialty or Subcontractor (Subcon)
44
Includes steel, concrete and cement suppliers
Materials and Equipment Supplier
45
Equipment such as generators, substation, chillers, cooling towers
Materials and Equipment Supplier
46
When equipment supplier also handles on-site installation, they can also be classified as subcon
Materials and Equipment Supplier
47
Minimizes coordination problem
Design-Construct or Design-Build Firms
48
Allows phased construction and turnkey operation
Design-Construct or Design-Build Firms
49
Manage the entire process of a construction project
Professional Construction Managers
50
An arrangement whereby the project proponent › undertakes the financing and construction of an infrastructure facility › turns the facility to the government agency after completion › is paid by the government agency on an agreed schedule for the total investment plus rate of return
Build and Transfer
51
Usually applies to small to medium projects in which budget can be allocated in the near term › city and municipal halls › buildings for government services (LTO, PAG-IBIG, etc)
Build and Transfer
52
An arrangement whereby the project proponent › undertakes the financing and construction of an infrastructure facility › operates the facility over a fixed term during which they are allowed to charge facility users to recover investment › transfers the facility to government agency at the end of the fixed term
Build-Operate-Transfer
53
The most common financing scheme for government projects since most infrastructures can be used by the paying public › roads › mass transportation › power plants
Build-Operate-Transfer
54
An arrangement whereby the project proponent › undertakes the financing and construction of an infrastructure facility › leases the facility to the government for a fixed period to recover investment › transfers the facility to government agency at the end of the fixed term
Build-Lease-Transfer
55
Very common to government facilities that serve “free services” › schools › government hospitals
Build-Lease-Transfer
56
3 Infrastructure Financing
1. Build and Transfer 2. Build-Operate-Transfer 3. Build-Lease-Transfer
57
Various legislations and regulations aimed at promoting public safety and welfare
Legal and Regulatory Requirements
58
Provides minimum design and construction standards for architectural, structural and MEPF works
Building Codes
59
3 Building Codes
› NSCP › Fire Code › NBCP > DO 13
60
› Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) › Safety-trained personnel › Emergency occupational health personnel and facilities › Construction signage
DO 13
61
4 Legal and Regulatory Requirements
1. Building Codes 2. Zoning Regulation 3. Environmental Regulation 4. Contractor Licensing Laws
62
controls land use
Zoning Regulation
63
limits the size, type and density of structures that may be erected at a particular location
Zoning Regulation
64
typical classification: residential, commercial, industrial, recreational, agricultural
Zoning Regulation
65
protects the public and the environment by controlling: water usage, vehicular traffic, waste disposal, beach/wetland preservation, etc
Environmental Regulation
66
equires preparation and approval of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Regulation
67
Contractors in the Philippines must be accredited with the Philippine Contractors Accreditation Board (PCAB) before they are allowed to participate in the bidding of infrastructure projects
Contractor Licensing Laws
68
5 Changing Environment of Construction
1. New Technologies 2. Public Scrutiny 3. Environmental Sensitivity 4. Off-shoring 5. Economic Stimulus
69
``` › Mechanization › New materials › Internet › Design softwares and computer-aided drafting › Global Positioning System (GPS) ```
New Technologies
70
Citizens that are adversely affected are becoming more vocal in their complaints and opposition
Public Scrutiny
71
Public annoyance over constructions near or along busy highways
Public Scrutiny
72
Impacts of construction activities on the environment are now closely examined
Environmental Sensitivity
73
Increased concern on energy conservation affects choice of materials
Environmental Sensitivity
74
A growing trend in the country where foreign-based companies transfer jobs such as detailing and estimates to developing countries where labor is cheaper
Off-shoring
75
Saves cost for the company while providing muchneeded jobs for local engineers
Off-shoring
76
Construction is often part of economic plan to bolster the economy
Economic Stimulus
77
It is used to create jobs and diminish unemployment rate
Economic Stimulus

Estimates (6 decks)

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