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Estimates > 1 - Construction Project Planning and Management > Flashcards

1 - Construction Project Planning and Management Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is the largest industry in the world

A

Construction

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2
Q

A project is defined by the following characteristics:

A

› A defined goal or objective
› Specific tasks to be performed
› Defined beginning and end
› Resources being consumed

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3
Q

Pre-Construction Phase includes:

A

› conceptual planning
› schematic design
› design development
› contract documents

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4
Q

Procurement Phase (Bidding and Award Phase) includes:

A

› Project formally transits from design into construction
› This stage begins with an invitation to bid
› This phase sometimes overlaps with the design phase

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5
Q

Construction Phase includes:

A

› Actual physical construction of the project stage
› This is the stage where the bulk of the owner’s fund will be spent
› It is the outcome of the previous stages

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6
Q

Close Out Phase includes:

A

› Transition from construction to actual use of the project

› Provides documentation, as-built drawings, operation manuals

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7
Q

4 Phases of the Project

A
  1. Pre-construction
  2. Procurement
  3. Construction
  4. Close Out
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8
Q

includes houses, townhouses, high-rise apartments and subdivisions

A

Residential Housing Construction

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9
Q

Residential Housing Construction Design & Construction:

A

Architects and Engineers

› Contractors (Formal and Informal)

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10
Q

Residential Housing Construction Characteristics:

A

› Highly competitive

› High risk and reward

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11
Q

includes schools, hospitals, government buildings, sports facilities, shopping malls, skyscrapers for offices & hotels

A

Institutional and Commercial Building Construction

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12
Q

Institutional and Commercial Building Construction Design & Construction:

A

› Specialty Architects and Engineers

› Contractors and Subcontractors

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13
Q

Institutional and Commercial Building Construction Characteristics:

A

› Greater cost and sophistication than in residential

› Projects may be limited to few contractor

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14
Q

includes oil refineries, steel mills, chemical processing plants, power plants

A

Specialized Industrial Construction

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15
Q

Specialized Industrial Construction Design & Construction:

A

› Design-Build companies

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16
Q

Specialized Industrial Construction Characteristics:

A

› Large-scale with high degree of technological complexity

› Capital intensive and long construction periods

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17
Q

includes highways, bridges, tunnels, airports, harbors, transmission lines, STPs, irrigation, drainage & flood control systems

A

Infrastructure and Heavy Construction

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18
Q

Infrastructure and Heavy Construction Design & Construction:

A

› Specialty Contractors

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19
Q

Infrastructure and Heavy Construction Characteristics:

A

› Large-scale with high degree of mechanization

› Long construction periods

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20
Q

Major Types of Construction Projects

A
  1. Residential Housing Construction
  2. Institutional and Commercial Building Construction
  3. Specialized Industrial Construction
  4. Infrastructure and Heavy Construction
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21
Q

4 Participants of Construction Projects

A
  1. Owner/Client
  2. Design Professionals
  3. Construction Professionals
  4. Project Manager
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22
Q

Individual or organization for whom the project is to be built

A

Owner/ Client

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23
Q

Finances the project

A

Owner/ Client

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24
Q

Selects qualified designers, consultants and contractors

A

Owner/ Client

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25
Q

Includes Architects, engineers and design consultants

A

Design Professionals

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26
Q

Interpret or assist the owner in developing project scope, budget and schedule

A

Design Professionals

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27
Q

Can be part of the Owner’s group or independently hired for the project

A

Design Professionals

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28
Q

Parties responsible for constructing projects

A

Construction Professionals

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29
Q

Works are usually divided among many specialty contractors or subcontactor

A

Construction Professionals

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30
Q

In-charge with the overall coordination of the entire construction program

A

Project Manager

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31
Q

In-charge with Design coordination

A

Project Manager

32
Q

In-charge with Bidding and awarding contracts

A

Project Manager

33
Q

In-charge with Proper selection of materials and methods of construction

A

Project Manager

34
Q

In-charge with Cost and scheduling information and control

A

Project Manager

35
Q

In-charge with Problem-solving

A

Project Manager

36
Q

Examine the economic feasibility of proposed project

A

Financial Planning Consultants

37
Q

Provide options for project financing

A

Financial Planning Consultants

38
Q

Engaged by owner to develop designs

A

Architectural and Engineering (A/E) Firm

39
Q

Acts as Owner’s Representative

A

Architectural and Engineering (A/E) Firm

40
Q

Performs site quality inspection

A

Architectural and Engineering (A/E) Firm

41
Q

Acts as prime contractor or general contractor (gencon

A

Construction Firm (Contractor)

42
Q

Includes mechanical, electrical, plumbing, excavation among others

A

Specialty or Subcontractor (Subcon)

43
Q

Employed by gencon to accomplish specific works

A

Specialty or Subcontractor (Subcon)

44
Q

Includes steel, concrete and cement suppliers

A

Materials and Equipment Supplier

45
Q

Equipment such as generators, substation, chillers, cooling towers

A

Materials and Equipment Supplier

46
Q

When equipment supplier also handles on-site installation, they can also be classified as subcon

A

Materials and Equipment Supplier

47
Q

Minimizes coordination problem

A

Design-Construct or Design-Build Firms

48
Q

Allows phased construction and turnkey operation

A

Design-Construct or Design-Build Firms

49
Q

Manage the entire process of a construction project

A

Professional Construction Managers

50
Q

An arrangement whereby the project proponent
› undertakes the financing and construction of an infrastructure facility
› turns the facility to the government agency after completion
› is paid by the government agency on an agreed schedule for the total investment plus rate of return

A

Build and Transfer

51
Q

Usually applies to small to medium projects in which budget can be allocated in the near term
› city and municipal halls
› buildings for government services (LTO, PAG-IBIG, etc)

A

Build and Transfer

52
Q

An arrangement whereby the project proponent
› undertakes the financing and construction of an infrastructure facility
› operates the facility over a fixed term during which they are allowed to charge facility users to recover investment
› transfers the facility to government agency at the end of the fixed term

A

Build-Operate-Transfer

53
Q

The most common financing scheme for government projects since most infrastructures can be used by the paying public
› roads
› mass transportation
› power plants

A

Build-Operate-Transfer

54
Q

An arrangement whereby the project proponent
› undertakes the financing and construction of an infrastructure facility
› leases the facility to the government for a fixed period to recover investment
› transfers the facility to government agency at the end of the fixed term

A

Build-Lease-Transfer

55
Q

Very common to government facilities that serve “free services”
› schools
› government hospitals

A

Build-Lease-Transfer

56
Q

3 Infrastructure Financing

A
  1. Build and Transfer
  2. Build-Operate-Transfer
  3. Build-Lease-Transfer
57
Q

Various legislations and regulations aimed at promoting public safety and welfare

A

Legal and Regulatory Requirements

58
Q

Provides minimum design and construction standards for architectural, structural and MEPF works

A

Building Codes

59
Q

3 Building Codes

A

› NSCP
› Fire Code
› NBCP
> DO 13

60
Q

› Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
› Safety-trained personnel
› Emergency occupational health personnel and facilities
› Construction signage

A

DO 13

61
Q

4 Legal and Regulatory Requirements

A
  1. Building Codes
  2. Zoning Regulation
  3. Environmental Regulation
  4. Contractor Licensing Laws
62
Q

controls land use

A

Zoning Regulation

63
Q

limits the size, type and density of structures that may be erected at a particular location

A

Zoning Regulation

64
Q

typical classification: residential, commercial, industrial, recreational, agricultural

A

Zoning Regulation

65
Q

protects the public and the environment by controlling: water usage, vehicular traffic, waste disposal, beach/wetland preservation, etc

A

Environmental Regulation

66
Q

equires preparation and approval of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

A

Environmental Regulation

67
Q

Contractors in the Philippines must be accredited with the Philippine Contractors Accreditation Board (PCAB) before they are allowed to participate in the bidding of infrastructure projects

A

Contractor Licensing Laws

68
Q

5 Changing Environment of Construction

A
  1. New Technologies
  2. Public Scrutiny
  3. Environmental Sensitivity
  4. Off-shoring
  5. Economic Stimulus
69
Q 
› Mechanization 
› New materials
 › Internet
 › Design softwares and computer-aided drafting 
› Global Positioning System (GPS)
A

New Technologies

70
Q

Citizens that are adversely affected are becoming more vocal in their complaints and opposition

A

Public Scrutiny

71
Q

Public annoyance over constructions near or along busy highways

A

Public Scrutiny

72
Q

Impacts of construction activities on the environment are now closely examined

A

Environmental Sensitivity

73
Q

Increased concern on energy conservation affects choice of materials

A

Environmental Sensitivity

74
Q

A growing trend in the country where foreign-based companies transfer jobs such as detailing and estimates to developing countries where labor is cheaper

A

Off-shoring

75
Q

Saves cost for the company while providing muchneeded jobs for local engineers

A

Off-shoring

76
Q

Construction is often part of economic plan to bolster the economy

A

Economic Stimulus

77
Q

It is used to create jobs and diminish unemployment rate

A

Economic Stimulus

Estimates (6 decks)

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