6. Behaviours Flashcards
Define behaviour
Anything a person does in response to internal or external events. Behaviours are physical events that occur in the body and are controlled by the brain.
What are the two types of behaviours?
Overt (motor or verbal) and covert (activities not viewable).
Overt actions are ______ measurable.
Directly
Covert actions are _________ measurable.
Indirectly
Behaviour is not an ________, or an ______ of an action.
Intention
Effect
What are influences?
Drivers for or barriers to behaviours.
What is a goal?
A target set by a person or manager that is set to be achieved and can’t be changed.
How are influences, behaviours, and goals linked?
An influence drives a behaviour which, when carried out, increases the probability of a goal being achieved.
What are three ways to identify behaviours that will achieve a goal?
- Interview people who have achieved the goal
- Observation
- Literature reviews
What questions should be asked when deciding if a behaviour should be changed?
- If I were to change this behaviour, how likely would it be to have an IMPACT on my goal?
- How EASY will the behaviour be to change?
- If I change this behaviour, will it have ‘SPILLOVER’ effects on other behaviours?
Give 1 method for choosing which behaviour should be changed to achieve a goal
Rank the impact, ease, and spillover of changing a behaviour on a scale from 1-3 and add up the total score. Do this for all possible behaviours to see which one ranks highest.
_______ definitions of behaviour are more likely to result in change.
Precise
What needs to be specified when outlining a behaviour change?
- Who (needs to perform it)?
- What (do they need to do differently)?
- Where (will they do it)?
- When (will they do it)?
- How often (will they do it)?
- With whom (will they do it)?
Define capability (behaviour)
The set of physical and psychological abilities of a person in relation to a given behaviour (the skills of a person to achieve the behaviour).
What are the two types of capability?
Physical: physical skill, strength, or stamina.
Psychological: knowledge or psychological skills.
Define opportunity (behaviour)
The properties of a person’s environment that make it possible or easier for them to enact a behaviour (the resources needed to achieve the behaviour).
What are the two types of opportunity?
Environmental: Time, location, money, and resources.
Social: Social norms, environmental and social cues.
Define motivation (behaviour)
A psychological process that energises and directs behaviour, including conscious decision-making and habitual and emotional drives (intentions to achieve the behaviour).
What are the two types of opportunity?
Reflective: beliefs, self-identity, intentions, goals, and plans.
Automatic: emotions, feelings, associative learning, habits, and drives.
Define intervention
The act of interfering with the course of something, especially of a condition or process.
State 9 interventions that can be used to change behaviour
- Education
- Persuasion
- Incentivisation
- Coercion
- Training
- Enablement
- Modelling
- Environmental restructuring
- Restrictions
What is education?
The act of teaching someone to change a behaviour (e.g. a university or speed awareness course).
What is persuasion?
The use of words or images to change a behaviour.
What is insentivisation?
The use of payment or free items to change a behaviour.
