6 - analysis of movement

Question 1

What are articulations?

Answer 1

Joints

Question 2

Define the agonist mucles

Answer 2

The muscle/muscle group which is mainly responsible for the movement

Question 3

What isometric contraction?

Answer 3

muscle contraction but not movement occurs

eg, wall sit

Question 4

What isotonic contraction?

Answer 4

muscle changes length when contracting

movement is brought about

Question 5

What is a concentric contraction?

Answer 5

A muscle shortening as it contracts

Question 6

What is eccentric contraction

Answer 6

A muscle lengthening as it contracts

Question 7

What is the sagittal plane?

Answer 7

the plane the splits the body into left and right

Question 8

What is the frontal plane?

Answer 8

the plane that splits the body into front and back

Question 9

What is the transverse plane?

Answer 9

The plane that splits the body into top and bottom

Question 10

What is the frontal axis?

Answer 10

The axis that passes from from front to back

Question 11

What is the transverse axis?

Answer 11

The axis that passes from side to side

Question 12

What is the longitudinal axis ?

Answer 12

The axis that passes from top to bottom

Question 13

What are the pairs of planes and axis?

Answer 13

Sagittal plane and transverse axis.
Frontal plane and frontal axis
Transverse plane and longitudinal axis

Question 14

What movement does the sagittal plane and transverse axis make?

Answer 14

Flexion and extension movements

Forwards and backwards movements

Question 15

What Movements does the frontal plane and frontal axis make?

Answer 15

Adduction and Abduction

Side to side movements

Question 16

What movements does the transverse plane and longitudinal axis make?

Answer 16

Rotational movements

Question 17

Name the types of joint and where to find them?

Answer 17

Hinge - Elbow, knee

Ball & Socket - Shoulder, Hip

Question 18

Describe plantarflexion and dorsiflexion

Answer 18

Plantarflexion is point the toes towards the ground

Dorsiflexion is pointing the toes towards the sky

Question 19

Define hyper-extension

Answer 19

When the angle between the bone and the joint exceeds 180

Question 20

Define horizontal hyper extension

Answer 20

When the arm is taken back behind the shoulder but parallel to the ground. (preparing the do an overarm throw)

Question 21

Describe horizontal flexion and extension

Answer 21

(ARM)
Horizontal extension - moving arm away from your body when it is horizontal
Flexion - moving in across your body horizontally

Question 22

What are articulating bones?

Answer 22

Bones that meet at a joint

Question 23

Describe a first class lever

Answer 23

The fulcrum lies in the middle.

Question 24

Describe a second class lever

Answer 24

The resistance lies in the middle

Question 25

Describe a third class lever

Answer 25

The effort lies in the middle

Question 26

Describe the way to remember what lever is working.

Answer 26

123, FRE

This tells you what factor lies in the middle of each lever.

1 is the fulcrum

2 is the resistance

3 is the effort

Question 27

What are the fulcrum, resistance and effort in a level?

Answer 27

Fulcrum - Joint

Effort - the muscle

Resistance - the weight you’re moving

Question 28

Give examples of each lever.

Answer 28

1st class lever - throwing, pressups, headstand to handstand.

2nd class- only occurs at the foot/ankle , running, kicking, jumping.

3rd class- bicep curl,

Question 29

Define the force arm

Answer 29

Distance of the force/effort/muscle from the fulcrum.

Question 30

Define resistance arm

Answer 30

The distance between the resistance and the fulcrum

Question 31

What’s the mechanical advantage and disadvantage of having a short force arm but a long resistance arm?

Answer 31

A short force arm means it can apply much force to move the object, its not very strong.

A long resistance arm means that a large range of movement, and can lift object quickly

Eg) in a 3rd class lever, you can lift a lot of weight but you can do it quickly